2 Samuel 24:14 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, I, us, mercies, me · What happens: say, be, let, fall, not fall · To what, where: great strait, us, hand, me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 24:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I, us, mercies, me — and what happens in the verse to great strait, us, hand, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־גָּ֖ד צַר־לִ֣י מְאֹ֑ד נִפְּלָה־נָּ֤א בְיַד־יְהוָה֙ כִּֽי־רַבִּ֣ים רַֽחֲמָ֔יו וּבְיַד־אָדָ֖ם אַל־אֶפֹּֽלָה׃

And David said unto Gad: 'I am in a great strait; let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for His mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֧אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִ֛ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	nsubj	David
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 גָּ֖ד	case	to
5	גָּ֖ד	גָּד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	obl	Gad
6	צַר־	צרר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	ccomp	it is distress
7	ל	לְ	ADP	_	8 ִ֣י	case	to
8	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 צַר־	obl	me
9	מְאֹ֑ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	6 צַר־	advmod	exceedingly
10	נִפְּלָה־	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	6 צַר־	parataxis	let us fall
11	נָּ֤א	נָא	INTJ	_	10 נִפְּלָה־	discourse	please
12	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 יַד־	case	in
13	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 נִפְּלָה־	obl	the hand
14	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	13 יַד־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
15	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 רַבִּ֣ים	mark	(dm)
16	רַבִּ֣ים	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 צַר־	advcl	[are] great
17	רַֽחֲמָ֔י	רַחֲמִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 רַבִּ֣ים	nsubj	compassion(s)
18	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 רַֽחֲמָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
19	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 אֶפֹּֽלָה	cc	and
20	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 יַד־	case	in
21	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 אֶפֹּֽלָה	obl	the hand
22	אָדָ֖ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יַד־	compound:smixut	of a human
23	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	24 אֶפֹּֽלָה	advmod	not
24	אֶפֹּֽלָה	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	6 צַר־	conj	let me fall
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 אֶפֹּֽלָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
צַר־ it is distress	qatal · qal
נִפְּלָה־ let us fall	cohortative · qal	דָּוִד David + גָּד Gad
not אֶפֹּֽלָה let me fall	cohortative · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְגָד עָקַת לִי לַחֲדָא נִתְמְסַר כְּעַן בְּיַד מֵימְרָא דַייָ אֲרֵי סַגִיאִין רַחֲמוֹהִי וּבִידָא דֶאֱנָשָׁא לָא אִתְמְסָר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David said unto Gad: 'I am in a great strait; let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for His mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:683.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.14/