2 Samuel 3:26 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Joab, messengers, David · What happens: come out, send, bring back, not know · To what, where: David, messengers, Abner, Bor sirah, sirah

This is 2 Samuel 3:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, messengers, David — and what happens in the verse to David, messengers, Abner, Bor sirah, sirah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּצֵ֤א יוֹאָב֙ מֵעִ֣ם דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ מִבּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה בּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה וְדָוִ֖ד לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃

And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּצֵ֤א	cc	and
2	יֵּצֵ֤א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went out
3	יוֹאָב֙	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	2 יֵּצֵ֤א	nsubj	Joab
4	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	6 דָּוִ֔ד	case	from
5	עִ֣ם	עִם	ADP	_	6 דָּוִ֔ד	case	with
6	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֵּצֵ֤א	obl	David
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	cc	and
8	יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּצֵ֤א	conj	he sent
9	מַלְאָכִים֙	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	obj	messengers
10	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	11 אַבְנֵ֔ר	case	after
11	אַבְנֵ֔ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	8 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	obl	Abner
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יָּשִׁ֥בוּ	cc	and
13	יָּשִׁ֥בוּ	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּצֵ֤א	conj	they brought back
14	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	15 ֖וֹ	case
15	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יָּשִׁ֥בוּ	obj	him
16	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	17 בּ֣וֹר	case	from
17	בּ֣וֹר	בּוֹר	PROPN	_	13 יָּשִׁ֥בוּ	obl	the well
18	הַסִּרָ֑ה	_	PROPN	_	17 בּ֣וֹר	flat:name
19	בּ֣וֹר	הַ	PROPN	_	17 בּ֣וֹר	nmod	of Sirah
20	הַסִּרָ֑ה	_	PROPN	_	19 בּ֣וֹר	flat:name
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יָדָֽע	cc	and
22	דָוִ֖ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	24 יָדָֽע	nsubj	David
23	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	24 יָדָֽע	advmod	not
24	יָדָֽע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּצֵ֤א	conj	he knew
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 יָדָֽע	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֵּצֵא he went out	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹאָב Joab
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹאָב Joab	מַלְאָכִים messengers
יָּשִׁבוּ they brought back	wayyiqtol · hiphil	וֹ him		מַלְאָכִים messengers
not יָדָֽע he knew	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּנְפַק יוֹאָב מִן קֳדָם דָוִד וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין בָּתַר אַבְנֵר וַאֲתִיבוּ יָתֵיהּ מִגוּבָא דְסִירָתָא וְדָוִד לָא יְדָע:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:84.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.26/