2 Samuel 3:28 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, I · What happens: hear, say, be · To what, where: blood · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 3:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I — and what happens in the verse to blood, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע דָּוִד֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר נָקִ֨י אָנֹכִ֧י וּמַמְלַכְתִּ֛י מֵעִ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם מִדְּמֵ֖י אַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵֽר׃

And afterward when David heard it, he said: 'I and my kingdom are guiltless before the LORD for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he heard
3	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	nsubj	David
4	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	6 כֵ֔ן	case	from
5	אַ֣חֲרֵי	אַחַר	ADP	_	6 כֵ֔ן	case	after
6	כֵ֔ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	obl	thus
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּ֗אמֶר	cc	and
8	יֹּ֗אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	conj	he said
9	נָקִ֨י	נָקִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יֹּ֗אמֶר	ccomp	[am] innocent
10	אָנֹכִ֧י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 נָקִ֨י	nsubj	I
11	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 מַמְלַכְתּ	cc	and
12	מַמְלַכְתּ	מַמְלֶכֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 אָנֹכִ֧י	conj	kingdom
13	ִ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 מַמְלַכְתּ	nmod:poss	my
14	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	16 יְהוָ֖ה	case	from
15	עִ֥ם	עִם	ADP	_	16 יְהוָ֖ה	case	with
16	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	9 נָקִ֨י	obl	Yahweh
17	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	18 עוֹלָ֑ם	case	until
18	עוֹלָ֑ם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 נָקִ֨י	obl	perpetuity
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 דְּמֵ֖י	case	from
20	דְּמֵ֖י	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 נָקִ֨י	obl	the blood(s)
21	אַבְנֵ֥ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	20 דְּמֵ֖י	compound:smixut	of Abner
22	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 אַבְנֵ֥ר	appos	the son
23	נֵֽר	נֵר	PROPN	_	22 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Ner
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 נֵֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁמַע דָוִד מִבָּתַר כֵּן וַאֲמַר זַכַּאי אֲנָא וּמַלְכוּתִי מִן קֳדָם יְיָ עַד עַלְמָא מִדְמָא דְאַבְנֵר בַּר נֵר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And afterward when David heard it, he said: 'I and my kingdom are guiltless before the LORD for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:86.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.28/