2 Samuel 4:11 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: wicked men, I · What happens: slay, not require, take away · To what, where: righteous person, own house, blood, you, earth

This is 2 Samuel 4:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wicked men, I — and what happens in the verse to righteous person, own house, blood, you, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַ֞ף כִּֽי־אֲנָשִׁ֣ים רְשָׁעִ֗ים הָרְג֧וּ אֶת־אִישׁ־צַדִּ֛יק בְּבֵית֖וֹ עַל־מִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ וְעַתָּ֗ה הֲל֨וֹא אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ אֶת־דָּמוֹ֙ מִיֶּדְכֶ֔ם וּבִעַרְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

How much more, when wicked men have slain a righteous person in his own house upon his bed, shall I not now require his blood of your hand, and take you away from the earth?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַ֞ף	אַף	ADV	_	5 הָרְג֧וּ	advmod	indeed?
2	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	5 הָרְג֧וּ	mark	(dm)
3	אֲנָשִׁ֣ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 הָרְג֧וּ	nsubj	men
4	רְשָׁעִ֗ים	רָשָׁע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 אֲנָשִׁ֣ים	amod	wicked
5	הָרְג֧וּ	הָרַג	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have killed
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	7 אִישׁ־	case	(et)
7	אִישׁ־	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 הָרְג֧וּ	obj	a man
8	צַדִּ֛יק	צַדִּיק	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 אִישׁ־	amod	righteous
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 בֵית	case	in
10	בֵית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 הָרְג֧וּ	obl	his own
11	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 בֵית	nmod:poss	house
12	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	13 מִשְׁכָּב	case	on
13	מִשְׁכָּב	מִשְׁכָּב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 הָרְג֧וּ	obl	bed
14	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 מִשְׁכָּב	nmod:poss	his own
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 עַתָּ֗ה	cc	and
16	עַתָּ֗ה	עַתָּה	ADV	_	5 הָרְג֧וּ	advmod	therefore
17	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	19 אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ	advmod	?
18	ל֨וֹא	לֹא	ADV	_	19 אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ	advmod	not
19	אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ	בָּקַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	5 הָרְג֧וּ	parataxis	will I require
20	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	21 דָּמ	case	(et)
21	דָּמ	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ	obj	blood
22	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 דָּמ	nmod:poss	his
23	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	24 יֶּד	case	from
24	יֶּד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ	obl	hand
25	ְכֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	24 יֶּד	nmod:poss	your
26	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 בִעַרְתִּ֥י	cc	and
27	בִעַרְתִּ֥י	בָּעַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	19 אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ	conj	I will remove
28	אֶת	אֵת	ADP	_	29 ְכֶ֖ם	case
29	ְכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 בִעַרְתִּ֥י	obj	you
30	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	32 אָֽרֶץ	case	from
31	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	32 אָֽרֶץ	det	the
32	אָֽרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 בִעַרְתִּ֥י	obl	earth
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 אָֽרֶץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הָרְגוּ they have killed	qatal · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	אִישׁ־ a man
not אֲבַקֵּשׁ will I require	yiqtol · piel		דָּמ blood
בִעַרְתִּי I will remove	weqatal · piel		ְכֶם you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אַף אֲרֵי גַבְרִין רַשִׁיעַיָא קְטַלוּ יַת גְבַר זַכַּאי בְּבֵיתֵיהּ עַל שִׁווּיֵה וּכְעַן הֲלָא אִתְבַּע יַת דְמֵיהּ מִיֶדְכוֹן וַאֲפַלֵי יַתְכוֹן מִן אַרְעָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

How much more, when wicked men have slain a righteous person in his own house upon his bed, shall I not now require his blood of your hand, and take you away from the earth?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:108.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.4.11/