2 Samuel 4:8 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Baanah, enemy, LORD · What happens: bring, say, behold, seek, avenge · To what, where: head, Hebron, life, lord · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 4:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Baanah, enemy, LORD — and what happens in the verse to head, Hebron, life, lord, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַ֠יָּבִאוּ אֶת־רֹ֨אשׁ אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֥שֶׁתאִֽישׁ־בֹּ֥שֶׁת אֶל־דָּוִד֮ חֶבְרוֹן֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הִנֵּֽה־רֹ֣אשׁ אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁתאִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת בֶּן־שָׁאוּל֙ אֹֽיִבְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּקֵּ֖שׁ אֶת־נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ וַיִּתֵּ֣ן יְ֠הוָה לַֽאדֹנִ֨י הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ נְקָמוֹת֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה מִשָּׁא֖וּל וּמִזַּרְעֽוֹ׃ס

And they brought the head of Ish-bosheth unto David to Hebron, and said to the king: 'Behold the head of Ish-bosheth the son of Saul thine enemy, who sought thy life; and the LORD hath avenged my lord the king this day of Saul, and of his seed.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּבִאוּ	cc	and
2	יָּבִאוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they brought
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 רֹ֨אשׁ	case	(et)
4	רֹ֨אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָּבִאוּ	obj	the head
5	אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֥שֶׁת	אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 רֹ֨אשׁ	compound:smixut	of
6	אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֥שֶׁת	אִישׁבֹשֶׁת	PROPN	_	4 רֹ֨אשׁ	compound:smixut	Ish-bosheth
7	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	8 דָּוִד֮	case	to
8	דָּוִד֮	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יָּבִאוּ	obl	David
9	חֶבְרוֹן֒	חֶבְרוֹן	PROPN	_	2 יָּבִאוּ	obl	Hebron
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	cc	and
11	יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּבִאוּ	conj	they said
12	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	14 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	case	to
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
14	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	obl	king
15	הִנֵּֽה־	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	16 רֹ֣אשׁ	discourse	here!
16	רֹ֣אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	ccomp	the head
17	אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת	אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת	PROPN	_	16 רֹ֣אשׁ	compound:smixut	of
18	אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת	אִישׁבֹשֶׁת	PROPN	_	17 אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת	appos	Ish-bosheth
19	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת	appos	the son
20	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	19 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Saul
21	אֹֽיִב	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	20 שָׁאוּל֙	appos	enemy
22	ְךָ֔	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 אֹֽיִב	nmod:poss	your
23	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	24 בִּקֵּ֖שׁ	mark	who
24	בִּקֵּ֖שׁ	בָּקַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	21 אֹֽיִב	acl:relcl	he sought
25	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	26 נַפְשׁ	case	(et)
26	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 בִּקֵּ֖שׁ	obj	life
27	ֶ֑ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	your
28	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 יִּתֵּ֣ן	cc	and
29	יִּתֵּ֣ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּבִאוּ	conj	he has given
30	יְ֠הוָה	יהוה	PROPN	_	29 יִּתֵּ֣ן	nsubj	Yahweh
31	לַֽ	לְ	ADP	_	32 אדֹנ	case	to
32	אדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 יִּתֵּ֣ן	obl	lord
33	ִ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 אדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
34	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	35 מֶּ֤לֶךְ	det	the
35	מֶּ֤לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 אדֹנ	appos	king
36	נְקָמוֹת֙	נְקָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	29 יִּתֵּ֣ן	obj	vengeance(s)
37	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 יּ֣וֹם	det	the
38	יּ֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 יִּתֵּ֣ן	obl	day
39	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	40 זֶּ֔ה	det	(the)
40	זֶּ֔ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	38 יּ֣וֹם	det	this
41	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	42 שָּׁא֖וּל	case	from
42	שָּׁא֖וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	29 יִּתֵּ֣ן	obl	Saul
43	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	45 זַּרְע	cc	and
44	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	45 זַּרְע	case	from
45	זַּרְע	זֶרַע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	42 שָּׁא֖וּל	conj	offspring
46	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 זַּרְע	nmod:poss	his
47	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	46 ֽוֹ	punct
48	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	46 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּבִאוּ they brought	wayyiqtol · hiphil	רֹאשׁ the head
יֹּֽאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal
בִּקֵּשׁ he sought	qatal · piel	בֶּן־ the son	בִּקֵּשׁ he sought
יִּתֵּן he has given	wayyiqtol · qal	נַפְשׁ life	לַֽ to

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַיְתִיאוּ יַת רֵישׁ אִישׁ בּוֹשֶׁת לְוַת דָוִד לְחֶבְרוֹן וַאֲמַרוּ לְמַלְכָּא הָא רֵישׁ אִישׁ בֹּשֶׁת בַּר שָׁאוּל בְּעֵיל דְבָבָךְ דִבְעָא לְמִקְטְלָךְ וַעֲבַד יְיָ לְרִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא פּוּרְעֲנוּתָא יוֹמָא הָדֵין מִשָׁאוּל וּמִזַרְעֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they brought the head of Ish-bosheth unto David to Hebron, and said to the king: 'Behold the head of Ish-bosheth the son of Saul thine enemy, who sought thy life; and the LORD hath avenged my lord the king this day of Saul, and of his seed.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:105.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.4.8/