Ezekiel 44:31 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: priests, thing, priest · What happens: not eat, die, tear, be · To what, where: fowl

This is Ezekiel 44:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — priests, thing, priest — and what happens in the verse to fowl, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כָּל־נְבֵלָה֙ וּטְרֵפָ֔ה מִן־הָע֖וֹף וּמִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה לֹ֥א יֹאכְל֖וּ הַכֹּהֲנִֽים׃פ

The priests shall not eat of any thing that dieth of itself, or is torn, whether it be fowl or beast.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יֹאכְל֖וּ	obj	any
2	נְבֵלָה֙	נְבֵלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	1 כָּל־	compound:smixut	carcass
3	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 טְרֵפָ֔ה	cc	and
4	טְרֵפָ֔ה	טְרֵיפָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 נְבֵלָה֙	conj	a torn animal
5	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	7 ע֖וֹף	case	from
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 ע֖וֹף	det	the
7	ע֖וֹף	עוֹף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נְבֵלָה֙	nmod	bird[s]
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 בְּהֵמָ֑ה	cc	and
9	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	11 בְּהֵמָ֑ה	case	from
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 בְּהֵמָ֑ה	det	the
11	בְּהֵמָ֑ה	בְּהֵמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 ע֖וֹף	conj	animal[s]
12	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	13 יֹאכְל֖וּ	advmod	not
13	יֹאכְל֖וּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they will eat
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 כֹּהֲנִֽים	det	the
15	כֹּהֲנִֽים	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 יֹאכְל֖וּ	nsubj	priests
16	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	15 כֹּהֲנִֽים	punct
17	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	15 כֹּהֲנִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יֹאכְלוּ they will eat	yiqtol · qal	כֹּהֲנִֽים priests	נְבֵלָה carcass + טְרֵפָה a torn animal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

כָּל נְבֵילָא וּתְבִירָא מִן עוֹפָא וּמִן בְּעִירָא לָא יֵיכְלוּן כַּהֲנַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The priests shall not eat of any thing that dieth of itself, or is torn, whether it be fowl or beast.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:1165.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.44.31/