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home / corpora / Tanakh / Nevi'im / Isaiah / chapter 18 / 18:1

Isaiah 18:1 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: wings · What happens: be

This is Isaiah 18:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wings — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

ה֥וֹי אֶ֖רֶץ צִלְצַ֣ל כְּנָפָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מֵעֵ֖בֶר לְנַֽהֲרֵי־כֽוּשׁ׃

Ah, land of the buzzing of wings, which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

parataxiscompound:smixutcompound:smixutmarkcaseacl:relclcasenmodcompound:smixutpunctrootהוֹיINTJwoe to!אֶרֶץNOUNa landצִלְצַלNOUNof whirringכְּנָפָיִםNOUNof wingsאֲשֶׁרSCONJwhichמֵADP[is] from [the]עֵבֶרNOUNother sideלְADPofנַֽהֲרֵי־NOUNthe riversכֽוּשׁPROPNof Cush׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1ה֥וֹיהוֹיINTJ_rootrootwoe to!
2אֶ֖רֶץאֶרֶץNOUNNumber=Sing1 ה֥וֹיparataxisa land
3צִלְצַ֣לצִלְצָלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing2 אֶ֖רֶץcompound:smixutof whirring
4כְּנָפָ֑יִםכָּנָףNOUNGender=Fem Number=Dual3 צִלְצַ֣לcompound:smixutof wings
5אֲשֶׁ֥ראֲשֶׁרSCONJ_7 עֵ֖בֶרmarkwhich
6מֵמִןADP_7 עֵ֖בֶרcase[is] from [the]
7עֵ֖בֶרעֵבֶרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing2 אֶ֖רֶץacl:relclother side
8לְלְADP_9 נַֽהֲרֵי־caseof
9נַֽהֲרֵי־נָהָרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur7 עֵ֖בֶרnmodthe rivers
10כֽוּשׁכּוּשׁPROPN_9 נַֽהֲרֵי־compound:smixutof Cush
11׃׃PUNCT_10 כֽוּשׁpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
no

MACULA marks no verb frame in this verse.

Targum Jonathan

וַי אַרְעָא דְאָתָן לָהּ בִּסְפִינָן מֵאַרְעָא רְחִיקָא וְקִלְעֵיהוֹן פְּרִיסָן כְּנִשְׁרָא דְטָאִיס בְּכַנְפוֹהִי דְמֵעִבַּר לְנַהֲרֵי הוֹדוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. Ah, land of the buzzing of wings, which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:343.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.1/