Isaiah 56:10 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: watchmen · What happens: be, not bark, rave, lie down, love, slumber · To what, where: dumb dogs

This is Isaiah 56:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — watchmen — and what happens in the verse to dumb dogs, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

צֹפָ֞יו עִוְרִ֤ים כֻּלָּם֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ כֻּלָּם֙ כְּלָבִ֣ים אִלְּמִ֔ים לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ לִנְבֹּ֑חַ הֹזִים֙ שֹֽׁכְבִ֔ים אֹהֲבֵ֖י לָנֽוּם׃

His watchmen are all blind, without knowledge; they are all dumb dogs, they cannot bark; raving, lying down, loving to slumber.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	צֹפָ֞י	צָפָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 עִוְרִ֤ים	nsubj	watchmen
2	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 צֹפָ֞י	nmod:poss	its
3	עִוְרִ֤ים	עִוֵּר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	[are] blind
4	כֻּלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יָדָ֔עוּ	nsubj	of them
5	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 כֻּלּ	nmod:poss	all
6	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	7 יָדָ֔עוּ	advmod	not
7	יָדָ֔עוּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 עִוְרִ֤ים	parataxis	they know
8	כֻּלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כְּלָבִ֣ים	nsubj	of them
9	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 כֻּלּ	nmod:poss	all
10	כְּלָבִ֣ים	כֶּלֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 עִוְרִ֤ים	parataxis	[are] dogs
11	אִלְּמִ֔ים	אִלֵּם	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 כְּלָבִ֣ים	amod	dumb
12	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	13 יוּכְל֖וּ	advmod	not
13	יוּכְל֖וּ	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 כְּלָבִ֣ים	acl	they are able
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 נְבֹּ֑חַ	case	to
15	נְבֹּ֑חַ	נָבַח	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 יוּכְל֖וּ	xcomp	bark
16	הֹזִים֙	הָזָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 עִוְרִ֤ים	parataxis	[they are] dreaming
17	שֹֽׁכְבִ֔ים	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 עִוְרִ֤ים	parataxis	[they are] lying down
18	אֹהֲבֵ֖י	אָהֵב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 עִוְרִ֤ים	parataxis	[they are] loving
19	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	20 נֽוּם	case	(of) to
20	נֽוּם	נוּם	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	18 אֹהֲבֵ֖י	advcl	slumber
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 נֽוּם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
not יָדָעוּ they know	qatal · qal	ָם all
not יוּכְלוּ they are able	yiqtol · qal	כְּלָבִים [are] dogs
נְבֹּחַ bark	infinitive construct · qal	כְּלָבִים [are] dogs
הֹזִים [they are] dreaming	participle active · qal	צֹפָי watchmen
שֹֽׁכְבִים [they are] lying down	participle active · qal	צֹפָי watchmen
אֹהֲבֵי [they are] loving	participle active · qal	צֹפָי watchmen
נֽוּם slumber	infinitive construct · qal	צֹפָי watchmen

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

סַכְוָאֵיהוֹן סָמָן כּוּלְהוֹן לָא יָדְעִין מִדַעַם כּוּלְהוֹן כַּלְבִין חַרְשִׁין לָא יָכְלִין לְמִנְבַּח נַיְמִין שָׁכְבִין רַחֲמִין לְמִדְמָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

His watchmen are all blind, without knowledge; they are all dumb dogs, they cannot bark; raving, lying down, loving to slumber.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1108.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.56.10/