Isaiah 9:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: Lord, one, mouth · What happens: have, be, speak, not turn away, stretch out, anger · To what, where: joy, compassion, fatherless, wantonness, anger, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 9:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord, one, mouth — and what happens in the verse to joy, compassion, fatherless, wantonness, anger, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

עַל־כֵּ֨ן עַל־בַּחוּרָ֜יו לֹֽא־יִשְׂמַ֣ח ׀ אֲדֹנָ֗י וְאֶת־יְתֹמָ֤יו וְאֶת־אַלְמְנֹתָיו֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔ם כִּ֤י כֻלּוֹ֙ חָנֵ֣ף וּמֵרַ֔ע וְכָל־פֶּ֖ה דֹּבֵ֣ר נְבָלָ֑ה בְּכָל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃

Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall He have compassion on their fatherless and widows; for every one is ungodly and an evil-doer, and every mouth speaketh wantonness. For all this His anger is not turned away, but His hand is stretched out still.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	2 כֵּ֨ן	case	therefore
2	כֵּ֨ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	root	root
3	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	4 בַּחוּרָ֜י	case	on
4	בַּחוּרָ֜י	בָּחוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יִשְׂמַ֣ח	obl	men
5	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 בַּחוּרָ֜י	nmod:poss	its young
6	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	7 יִשְׂמַ֣ח	advmod	not
7	יִשְׂמַ֣ח	שָׂמַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵּ֨ן	parataxis	he rejoices
8	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	7 יִשְׂמַ֣ח	punct
9	אֲדֹנ	אֲדֹנָי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יִשְׂמַ֣ח	nsubj	Lord
10	ָ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	[the]
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יְרַחֵ֔ם	cc	and
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 יְתֹמָ֤י	case	(et)
13	יְתֹמָ֤י	יָתוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 יְרַחֵ֔ם	obj	ones
14	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יְתֹמָ֤י	nmod:poss	its fatherless
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 אַלְמְנֹתָי	cc	and
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	17 אַלְמְנֹתָי	case	(et)
17	אַלְמְנֹתָי	אַלְמָנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	13 יְתֹמָ֤י	conj	widows
18	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 אַלְמְנֹתָי	nmod:poss	its
19	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	20 יְרַחֵ֔ם	advmod	not
20	יְרַחֵ֔ם	רָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵּ֨ן	conj	he has compassion on
21	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	24 חָנֵ֣ף	mark	(dm)
22	כֻלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 חָנֵ֣ף	nsubj	of it
23	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 כֻלּ	nmod:poss	all
24	חָנֵ֣ף	חָנֵף	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 כֵּ֨ן	advcl	[is] godless
25	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 מֵרַ֔ע	cc	and
26	מֵרַ֔ע	רָעַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	24 חָנֵ֣ף	conj	doing evil
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 דֹּבֵ֣ר	cc	and
28	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 דֹּבֵ֣ר	nsubj	every
29	פֶּ֖ה	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 כָל־	compound:smixut	mouth
30	דֹּבֵ֣ר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 כֵּ֨ן	conj	[is] speaking
31	נְבָלָ֑ה	נְבָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	30 דֹּבֵ֣ר	obj	disgraceful folly
32	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	33 כָל־	case	for
33	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	36 שָׁ֣ב	obl	all
34	זֹאת֙	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	33 כָל־	det	this
35	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	36 שָׁ֣ב	advmod	not
36	שָׁ֣ב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	30 דֹּבֵ֣ר	ccomp	it has turned back
37	אַפּ	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	36 שָׁ֣ב	nsubj	anger
38	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 אַפּ	nmod:poss	his
39	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	43 נְטוּיָֽה	cc	and
40	ע֖וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	43 נְטוּיָֽה	advmod	still
41	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 נְטוּיָֽה	nsubj	hand
42	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 יָד	nmod:poss	his
43	נְטוּיָֽה	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	36 שָׁ֣ב	conj	[is] stretched out
44	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	43 נְטוּיָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not יִשְׂמַח he rejoices	yiqtol · qal	אֲדֹנ Lord
not יְרַחֵם he has compassion on	yiqtol · piel	אֲדֹנ Lord	יְתֹמָי ones + אַלְמְנֹתָי widows
מֵרַע doing evil	participle active · hiphil
דֹּבֵר [is] speaking	participle active · qal	פֶּה mouth	נְבָלָה disgraceful folly
not שָׁב it has turned back	qatal · qal	אַפּ anger
נְטוּיָֽה [is] stretched out	participle passive · qal		יָד hand

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

עַל כֵּן עַל עוּלֵימוֹהִי לָא יֶחְדֵי יְיָ וְעַל יַתְמוֹהִי וְעַל אַרְמְלָתוֹהִי לָא יְרַחֵם אֲרֵי כוּלְהוֹן חֲנִיפִין וּבִישִׁין וְכָל פּוּמְהוֹן מְמַלְלִין שְׁקַר בְּכָל דָא לָא תָבוּ מֵחוֹבֵיהוֹן דִיתוּב רוּגְזֵיהּ מִנְהוֹן וְעַד כְּעַן מַתְקְפִין מִרְדֵיהוֹן וְעוֹד מֶחֶתֵיהּ עֲתִידָא לְאִתְפְּרָעָא מִנְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:191.

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