Judges 15:4 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Samson · What happens: go, catch, take, turn, put · To what, where: hundred foxes, torches, tail, torch, midst

This is Judges 15:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Samson — and what happens in the verse to hundred foxes, torches, tail, torch, midst, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן וַיִּלְכֹּ֖ד שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת שׁוּעָלִ֑ים וַיִּקַּ֣ח לַפִּדִ֗ים וַיֶּ֤פֶן זָנָב֙ אֶל־זָנָ֔ב וַיָּ֨שֶׂם לַפִּ֥יד אֶחָ֛ד בֵּין־שְׁנֵ֥י הַזְּנָב֖וֹת בַּתָּֽוֶךְ׃

And Samson went and caught three hundred foxes, and took torches, and turned tail to tail, and put a torch in the midst between every two tails.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	cc	and
2	יֵּ֣לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן	שִׁמְשׁוֹן	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	nsubj	Samson
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יִּלְכֹּ֖ד	cc	and
5	יִּלְכֹּ֖ד	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he captured
6	שְׁלֹשׁ־	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 שׁוּעָלִ֑ים	nummod	three
7	מֵא֣וֹת	מֵאָה	NUM	Number=Plur	6 שְׁלֹשׁ־	flat	hundred(s)
8	שׁוּעָלִ֑ים	שׁוּעָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 יִּלְכֹּ֖ד	obj	foxes
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּקַּ֣ח	cc	and
10	יִּקַּ֣ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he took
11	לַפִּדִ֗ים	לַפִּיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 יִּקַּ֣ח	obj	torches
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יֶּ֤פֶן	cc	and
13	יֶּ֤פֶן	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he turned
14	זָנָב֙	זָנָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יֶּ֤פֶן	obj	tail
15	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	16 זָנָ֔ב	case	to
16	זָנָ֔ב	זָנָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יֶּ֤פֶן	obl	tail
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יָּ֨שֶׂם	cc	and
18	יָּ֨שֶׂם	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he put
19	לַפִּ֥יד	לַפִּיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obj	a torch
20	אֶחָ֛ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 לַפִּ֥יד	nummod	one
21	בֵּין־	בֵּין	ADP	_	24 זְּנָב֖וֹת	case	between
22	שְׁנֵ֥י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	24 זְּנָב֖וֹת	nummod	the two
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 זְּנָב֖וֹת	det	the
24	זְּנָב֖וֹת	זָנָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obl	tails
25	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 תָּֽוֶךְ	case	in
26	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 תָּֽוֶךְ	det	the
27	תָּֽוֶךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obl	middle
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 תָּֽוֶךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	שִׁמְשׁוֹן Samson
יִּלְכֹּד he captured	wayyiqtol · qal	שִׁמְשׁוֹן Samson	שׁוּעָלִים foxes
יִּקַּח he took	wayyiqtol · qal	שִׁמְשׁוֹן Samson	לַפִּדִים torches
יֶּפֶן he turned	wayyiqtol · hiphil	זָנָב tail		שִׁמְשׁוֹן Samson
יָּשֶׂם he put	wayyiqtol · qal	שִׁמְשׁוֹן Samson	לַפִּיד a torch

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל שִׁמְשׁוֹן וַאֲחַד תְּלַת מֵאָה תַעֲלִין וּנְסִיב בְּעוּרַיָא וּקְטַר דַנְבָא בְּרֵישׁ דַנְבָא וְשַׁוִי בְעוּרָא חָד בֵּין תְּרֵין דִנְבַיָא בִּמְצִיעָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Samson went and caught three hundred foxes, and took torches, and turned tail to tail, and put a torch in the midst between every two tails.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:423.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.15.4/