Judges 20:23 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: children, I, LORD · What happens: go up, weep, ask, say, draw · To what, where: battle · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 20:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to battle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּעֲל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיִּבְכּ֣וּ לִפְנֵֽי־יְהוָה֮ עַד־הָעֶרֶב֒ וַיִּשְׁאֲל֤וּ בַֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאוֹסִ֗יף לָגֶ֙שֶׁת֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה עִם־בְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִ֖ן אָחִ֑י וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה עֲל֥וּ אֵלָֽיו׃פ

And the children of Israel went up and wept before the LORD until even; and they asked of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I again draw nigh to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother?' And the LORD said: 'Go up against him.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּעֲל֣וּ	cc	and
2	יַּעֲל֣וּ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they went up
3	בְנֵֽי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יַּעֲל֣וּ	nsubj	the people
4	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	3 בְנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of Israel
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יִּבְכּ֣וּ	cc	and
6	יִּבְכּ֣וּ	בָּכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּעֲל֣וּ	conj	they wept
7	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	8 פְנֵֽי־	case	before
8	פְנֵֽי־	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 יִּבְכּ֣וּ	obl
9	יְהוָה֮	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 פְנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	Yahweh
10	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	12 עֶרֶב֒	case	until
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 עֶרֶב֒	det	the
12	עֶרֶב֒	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יִּבְכּ֣וּ	obl	evening
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּשְׁאֲל֤וּ	cc	and
14	יִּשְׁאֲל֤וּ	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּעֲל֣וּ	conj	they enquired
15	בַֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 יהוָה֙	case	by
16	יהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	14 יִּשְׁאֲל֤וּ	obl	Yahweh
17	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	20 אוֹסִ֗יף	mark	(cmp)
18	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	17 לֵ	fixed
19	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	20 אוֹסִ֗יף	advmod	will
20	אוֹסִ֗יף	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	14 יִּשְׁאֲל֤וּ	ccomp	I repeat?
21	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	22 גֶ֙שֶׁת֙	case	to
22	גֶ֙שֶׁת֙	נָגַשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	20 אוֹסִ֗יף	xcomp	draw near
23	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	25 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה	case	for
24	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה	det	(the)
25	מִּלְחָמָ֔ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	22 גֶ֙שֶׁת֙	obl	battle
26	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	27 בְּנֵ֥י	case	with
27	בְּנֵ֥י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 גֶ֙שֶׁת֙	obl	the descendants
28	בִנְיָמִ֖ן	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	27 בְּנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Benjamin
29	אָח	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 בְּנֵ֥י	appos	brother
30	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	29 אָח	nmod:poss	my
31	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 יֹּ֥אמֶר	cc	and
32	יֹּ֥אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּעֲל֣וּ	conj	he said
33	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	32 יֹּ֥אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
34	עֲל֥וּ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	32 יֹּ֥אמֶר	ccomp	go up
35	אֵלָֽי	אֶל	ADP	_	36 ו	case	against
36	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 עֲל֥וּ	obl	him
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 ו	punct
38	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	36 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יַּעֲלוּ they went up	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
יִּבְכּוּ they wept	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
יִּשְׁאֲלוּ they enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
אוֹסִיף I repeat?	yiqtol · hiphil	בְנֵֽי־ the people
גֶשֶׁת draw near	infinitive construct · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
עֲלוּ go up	imperative · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּסְלִיקוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבְכוֹ קֳדָם יְיָ עַד רַמְשָׁא וּשְׁאִילוּ בְמֵימְרָא דַייָ לְמֵימַר הַאוֹסִיף לְמִקְרַב לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא עִם בְּנֵי בִנְיָמִין אֲחִי וַאֲמַר יְיָ סַקוּ עֲלֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the children of Israel went up and wept before the LORD until even; and they asked of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I again draw nigh to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother?' And the LORD said: 'Go up against him.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:567.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.23/