Jeremiah 10:5 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: customs, you, evil · What happens: be, not speak, bear, not go, not be, not do · To what, where: garden, customs, evil, good · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 10:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — customs, you, evil — and what happens in the verse to garden, customs, evil, good, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כְּתֹ֨מֶר מִקְשָׁ֥ה הֵ֙מָּה֙ וְלֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ נָשׂ֥וֹא יִנָּשׂ֖וּא כִּ֣י לֹ֣א יִצְעָ֑דוּ אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ מֵהֶם֙ כִּי־לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔עוּ וְגַם־הֵיטֵ֖יב אֵ֥ין אוֹתָֽם׃ס

They are like a pillar in a garden of cucumbers, and speak not; they must needs be borne, because they cannot go. Be not afraid of them, for they cannot do evil, neither is it in them to do good.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	2 תֹ֨מֶר	case	[are] like
2	תֹ֨מֶר	תֹּמֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	a scarecrow
3	מִקְשָׁ֥ה	מִקְשָׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תֹ֨מֶר	compound:smixut	of a cucumber field
4	הֵ֙מָּה֙	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 תֹ֨מֶר	nsubj	they
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	cc	and
6	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	7 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	advmod	not
7	יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 תֹ֨מֶר	conj	they speak
8	נָשׂ֥וֹא	נָשָׂא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	9 יִנָּשׂ֖וּא	obl:npmod	actually (carry)
9	יִנָּשׂ֖וּא	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	7 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	ccomp	they are carried
10	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	12 יִצְעָ֑דוּ	mark	(dm)
11	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 יִצְעָ֑דוּ	advmod	not
12	יִצְעָ֑דוּ	צָעַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	9 יִנָּשׂ֖וּא	advcl	they walk
13	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	14 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	advmod	do not
14	תִּֽירְא֤וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	9 יִנָּשׂ֖וּא	parataxis	be afraid
15	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	16 הֶם֙	case	from
16	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	obl	them
17	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 יָרֵ֔עוּ	mark	(dm)
18	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	19 יָרֵ֔עוּ	advmod	not
19	יָרֵ֔עוּ	רָעַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	9 יִנָּשׂ֖וּא	advcl	they do harm
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
21	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	23 אֵ֥ין	advmod	also
22	הֵיטֵ֖יב	יָטַב	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	23 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	doing good
23	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	9 יִנָּשׂ֖וּא	conj	there [is] not
24	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	25 ָֽם	case
25	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 אֵ֥ין	obl	them
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ָֽם	punct
27	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	25 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יְדַבֵּרוּ they speak	yiqtol · piel
not יִנָּשׂוּא they are carried	yiqtol · niphal
not יִצְעָדוּ they walk	yiqtol · qal
not תִּֽירְאוּ be afraid	jussive · qal
not יָרֵעוּ they do harm	yiqtol · hiphil

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

עוֹבַד נְגִיד זְקִיפִין אִינוּן וְלָא מְמַלְלִין אִתְנַטָלָא יִתְנַטְלוּן אֲרֵי לֵית בְּהוֹן רוּחָא לַהֲלָכָא לָא תִדַחֲלוּן מִנְהוֹן אֲרֵי לָא מַבְאֲשִׁין וְאַף לְאֵיטָבָא לֵית אִינוּן יָדְעִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:259.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.5/