Jeremiah 18:20 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: people, you, I · What happens: recompense, dig, remember, stand, speak, turn away · To what, where: evil, pit, Thee, good, wrath · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 18:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, you, I — and what happens in the verse to evil, pit, Thee, good, wrath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַיְשֻׁלַּ֤ם תַּֽחַת־טוֹבָה֙ רָעָ֔ה כִּֽי־כָר֥וּ שׁוּחָ֖ה לְנַפְשִׁ֑י זְכֹ֣ר ׀ עָמְדִ֣י לְפָנֶ֗יךָ לְדַבֵּ֤ר עֲלֵיהֶם֙ טוֹבָ֔ה לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־חֲמָתְךָ֖ מֵהֶֽם׃

Shall evil be recompensed for good? For they have digged a pit for my soul. Remember how I stood before Thee to speak good for them, to turn away Thy wrath from them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַ	הַ	PART	_	2 יְשֻׁלַּ֤ם	advmod	will
2	יְשֻׁלַּ֤ם	שָׁלֵם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it be repaid?
3	תַּֽחַת־	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	2 יְשֻׁלַּ֤ם	obl	in place of
4	טוֹבָה֙	טוֹבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 תַּֽחַת־	compound:smixut	good
5	רָעָ֔ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יְשֻׁלַּ֤ם	nsubj	evil
6	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	7 כָר֥וּ	mark	(dm)
7	כָר֥וּ	כָּרָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְשֻׁלַּ֤ם	advcl	they have dug
8	שׁוּחָ֖ה	שׁוּחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 כָר֥וּ	obj	a pit
9	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	10 נַפְשׁ	case	for
10	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 כָר֥וּ	obl	self
11	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	my
12	זְכֹ֣ר	זָכַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יְשֻׁלַּ֤ם	parataxis	remember
13	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	12 זְכֹ֣ר	punct
14	עָמְד	עָמַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 זְכֹ֣ר	obj	standing
15	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 עָמְד	nsubj	my
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 פָנֶ֗י	case	before
17	פָנֶ֗י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 עָמְד	obl
18	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 פָנֶ֗י	nmod:poss	you
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 דַבֵּ֤ר	case	to
20	דַבֵּ֤ר	דָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	14 עָמְד	advcl	speak
21	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	22 הֶם֙	case	on
22	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 דַבֵּ֤ר	obl	them
23	טוֹבָ֔ה	טוֹבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 דַבֵּ֤ר	obj	good
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 הָשִׁ֥יב	case	to
25	הָשִׁ֥יב	שׁוּב	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	20 דַבֵּ֤ר	advcl	turn back
26	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	27 חֲמָת	case	(et)
27	חֲמָת	חֵמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	25 הָשִׁ֥יב	obj	rage
28	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 חֲמָת	nmod:poss	your
29	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	30 הֶֽם	case	from
30	הֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 הָשִׁ֥יב	obl	them
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 הֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְשֻׁלַּם it be repaid?	yiqtol · pual		רָעָה evil
כָרוּ they have dug	qatal · qal		שׁוּחָה a pit
זְכֹר remember	imperative · qal		עָמְד standing
עָמְד standing	infinitive construct · qal	ִי my
דַבֵּר speak	infinitive construct · piel		טוֹבָה good
הָשִׁיב turn back	infinitive construct · hiphil	חֲמָת rage

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הֲאֶפְשַׁר לְשַׁלָמָא חֲלַף טַבְתָא בִּישְׁתָּא אֲרֵי כְרוּ פַחַת לְמִקְטְלֵי יֵעוּל דוּכְרַן מֵקָמִי קֳדָמָךְ לְמַלָלָא עֲלֵיהוֹן פִּתְגָמִין תַּקְנִין לַאֲתָבָא יַת חַמְתָךְ מִנְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:456.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.18.20/