Jeremiah 28:8 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: prophets · What happens: be, prophesy

This is Jeremiah 28:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — prophets — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָי֧וּ לְפָנַ֛י וּלְפָנֶ֖יךָ מִן־הָֽעוֹלָ֑ם וַיִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ אֶל־אֲרָצ֤וֹת רַבּוֹת֙ וְעַל־מַמְלָכ֣וֹת גְּדֹל֔וֹת לְמִלְחָמָ֖ה וּלְרָעָ֥ה וּלְדָֽבֶר׃

The prophets that have been before me and before thee of old prophesied against many countries, and against great kingdoms, of war, and of evil, and of pestilence.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	2 נְּבִיאִ֗ים	det	the
2	נְּבִיאִ֗ים	נָבִיא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 יִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ	dislocated	prophets
3	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	6 פָנ	mark	who
4	הָי֧וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	6 פָנ	cop	they were
5	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	6 פָנ	case	before
6	פָנ	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 נְּבִיאִ֗ים	acl:relcl
7	ַ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 פָנ	nmod:poss	me
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 פָנֶ֖י	cc	and
9	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	10 פָנֶ֖י	case	before
10	פָנֶ֖י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 פָנ	conj	face
11	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 פָנֶ֖י	nmod:poss	you
12	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	14 עוֹלָ֑ם	case	from
13	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 עוֹלָ֑ם	det	(the)
14	עוֹלָ֑ם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 פָנ	obl	antiquity
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ	cc	and
16	יִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ	נָבָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they prophesied
17	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	18 אֲרָצ֤וֹת	case	against
18	אֲרָצ֤וֹת	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 יִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ	obl	lands
19	רַבּוֹת֙	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 אֲרָצ֤וֹת	amod	many
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 מַמְלָכ֣וֹת	cc	and
21	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	22 מַמְלָכ֣וֹת	case	on
22	מַמְלָכ֣וֹת	מַמְלָכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 אֲרָצ֤וֹת	conj	kingdoms
23	גְּדֹל֔וֹת	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	22 מַמְלָכ֣וֹת	amod	great
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 מִלְחָמָ֖ה	case	of
25	מִלְחָמָ֖ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	16 יִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ	obl	war
26	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 רָעָ֥ה	cc	and
27	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	28 רָעָ֥ה	case	of
28	רָעָ֥ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	25 מִלְחָמָ֖ה	conj	calamity
29	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 דָֽבֶר	cc	and
30	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	31 דָֽבֶר	case	of
31	דָֽבֶר	דֶּבֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 מִלְחָמָ֖ה	conj	pestilence
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 דָֽבֶר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
הָיוּ they were	qatal · qal	נְּבִיאִים prophets
יִּנָּבְאוּ they prophesied	wayyiqtol · niphal	נְּבִיאִים prophets

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

נְבִיַיָא דַהֲווֹ קֳדָמַי וּקְדָמָךְ מִן עַלְמָא וְאִתְנַבִּיאוּ עַל מְדִינָן סַגִיאִין וְעַל מַלְכְּוָן רַבְרְבָן לִקְרָבָא וּלְבִישָׁא וּלְמוֹתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The prophets that have been before me and before thee of old prophesied against many countries, and against great kingdoms, of war, and of evil, and of pestilence.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:678.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.28.8/