Jeremiah 46:23 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: mercenaries, LORD · What happens: cut down, say, not search, be · To what, where: forest · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 46:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mercenaries, LORD — and what happens in the verse to forest, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כָּרְת֤וּ יַעְרָהּ֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֖י לֹ֣א יֵֽחָקֵ֑ר כִּ֤י רַבּוּ֙ מֵֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְאֵ֥ין לָהֶ֖ם מִסְפָּֽר׃

They cut down her forest, saith the LORD, though it cannot be searched; because they are more than the locusts, and are innumerable.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כָּרְת֤וּ	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they will cut down
2	יַעְר	יַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 כָּרְת֤וּ	obj	forest
3	ָהּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יַעְר	nmod:poss	its
4	נְאֻם־	נְאֻם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 כָּרְת֤וּ	parataxis	the utterance
5	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 נְאֻם־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
6	כִּ֖י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	8 יֵֽחָקֵ֑ר	mark	(dm)
7	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	8 יֵֽחָקֵ֑ר	advmod	not
8	יֵֽחָקֵ֑ר	חָקַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 כָּרְת֤וּ	advcl	it will be searched
9	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	10 רַבּוּ֙	mark	(dm)
10	רַבּוּ֙	רָבַב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 כָּרְת֤וּ	advcl	they will be many
11	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	12 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	case	more
12	אַרְבֶּ֔ה	אַרְבֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 רַבּוּ֙	obl	than locust[s]
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
14	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	1 כָּרְת֤וּ	conj	there [was] not
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ָהֶ֖ם	case	to
16	ָהֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 אֵ֥ין	obl	them
17	מִסְפָּֽר	מִסְפָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	number
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 מִסְפָּֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
not כָּרְתוּ they will cut down	qatal · qal	יַעְר forest
not יֵֽחָקֵר it will be searched	yiqtol · niphal	יַעְר forest
רַבּוּ they will be many	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

שֵׁיצוּ רַבְרְבָהָא אֲמַר יְיָ אֲרֵי לֵית לְהוֹן סוֹף אֲרֵי סָגִיאִין מִזַחֲלָא וְלֵית לְהוֹן מִנְיָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

They cut down her forest, saith the LORD, though it cannot be searched; because they are more than the locusts, and are innumerable.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1120.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.23/