Jeremiah 51:31 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: One post · What happens: run, meet, tell, take · To what, where: another, other, king, city, quarter · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 51:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — One post — and what happens in the verse to another, other, king, city, quarter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

רָ֤ץ לִקְרַאת־רָץ֙ יָר֔וּץ וּמַגִּ֖יד לִקְרַ֣את מַגִּ֑יד לְהַגִּיד֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל כִּֽי־נִלְכְּדָ֥ה עִיר֖וֹ מִקָּצֶֽה׃

One post runneth to meet another, and one messenger to meet an other, to tell the king of Babylon that his city is taken on every quarter;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	רָ֤ץ	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	5 יָר֔וּץ	nsubj	a runner
2	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	3 קְרַאת־	case	to
3	קְרַאת־	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 יָר֔וּץ	advcl	meet
4	רָץ֙	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 קְרַאת־	obj	a runner
5	יָר֔וּץ	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will run
6	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 מַגִּ֖יד	cc	and
7	מַגִּ֖יד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	5 יָר֔וּץ	conj	a messenger
8	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	9 קְרַ֣את	case	to
9	קְרַ֣את	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 מַגִּ֖יד	advcl	meet
10	מַגִּ֑יד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	9 קְרַ֣את	obj	a messenger
11	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	12 הַגִּיד֙	case	to
12	הַגִּיד֙	נָגַד	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	7 מַגִּ֖יד	advcl	tell
13	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	14 מֶ֣לֶךְ	case	to
14	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 הַגִּיד֙	obl	the king
15	בָּבֶ֔ל	בָּבֶל	PROPN	_	14 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Babylon
16	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	17 נִלְכְּדָ֥ה	mark	(dm) that
17	נִלְכְּדָ֥ה	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 הַגִּיד֙	ccomp	it has been captured
18	עִיר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 נִלְכְּדָ֥ה	nsubj	city
19	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 עִיר	nmod:poss	his
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 קָּצֶֽה	case	from [the]
21	קָּצֶֽה	קָצֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 נִלְכְּדָ֥ה	obl	end
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 קָּצֶֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
קְרַאת־ meet	infinitive construct · qal	רָץ a runner	רָץ a runner
יָרוּץ he will run	yiqtol · qal	רָץ a runner
קְרַאת meet	infinitive construct · qal	מַגִּיד a messenger	מַגִּיד a messenger
הַגִּיד tell	infinitive construct · hiphil	נִלְכְּדָה it has been captured		מַגִּיד a messenger
נִלְכְּדָה it has been captured	qatal · niphal		עִיר city

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

רָהִיט לִקֳדָמוּת רָהִיט יִרְהוֹט וּמְחַוֵי לִקֳדָמוּת מִחַוֵי לְחַוָאָה לְמַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל אֲרֵי אִתְכְּבִישַׁת קַרְתֵּיהּ מִסוֹפֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

One post runneth to meet another, and one messenger to meet an other, to tell the king of Babylon that his city is taken on every quarter;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1295.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.31/