Jonah 3:6 יוֹנָה

Who acts: tidings, Nineveh · What happens: reach, arise, lay, cover, sit · To what, where: king, throne, robe, Nineveh, ashes

This is Jonah 3:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — tidings, Nineveh — and what happens in the verse to king, throne, robe, Nineveh, ashes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּגַּ֤ע הַדָּבָר֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךנִֽינְוֵ֔ה וַיָּ֙קָם֙ מִכִּסְא֔וֹ וַיַּעֲבֵ֥ר אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹ מֵֽעָלָ֑יו וַיְכַ֣ס שַׂ֔ק וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב עַל־הָאֵֽפֶר׃

And the tidings reached the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	cc	and
2	יִּגַּ֤ע	נָגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it reached
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 דָּבָר֙	det	the
4	דָּבָר֙	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	nsubj	word
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 מֶ֣לֶך	case	to
6	מֶ֣לֶך	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	obl	the king
7	נִֽינְוֵ֔ה	נִינְוֵה	PROPN	_	6 מֶ֣לֶך	compound:smixut	of Nineveh
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יָּ֙קָם֙	cc	and
9	יָּ֙קָם֙	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	conj	he arose
10	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	11 כִּסְא	case	from
11	כִּסְא	כִּסֵּא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יָּ֙קָם֙	obl	throne
12	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 כִּסְא	nmod:poss	his
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יַּעֲבֵ֥ר	cc	and
14	יַּעֲבֵ֥ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	conj	he took off
15	אַדַּרְתּ	אַדֶּרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 יַּעֲבֵ֥ר	obj	cloak
16	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 אַדַּרְתּ	nmod:poss	his
17	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	19 ו	case	from
18	עָלָ֑י	עַל	ADP	_	19 ו	case	on
19	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 יַּעֲבֵ֥ר	obl	him
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יְכַ֣ס	cc	and
21	יְכַ֣ס	כָּסָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	conj	he covered
22	שַׂ֔ק	שַׂק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יְכַ֣ס	obj	sackcloth
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יֵּ֖שֶׁב	cc	and
24	יֵּ֖שֶׁב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּגַּ֤ע	conj	he sat
25	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	27 אֵֽפֶר	case	on
26	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 אֵֽפֶר	det	(the)
27	אֵֽפֶר	אֵפֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יֵּ֖שֶׁב	obl	ash[es]
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 אֵֽפֶר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּגַּע it reached	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּבָר word
יָּקָם he arose	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶלֶך the king
יַּעֲבֵר he took off	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אַדַּרְתּ cloak		מֶלֶך the king
יְכַס he covered	wayyiqtol · piel	מֶלֶך the king	שַׂק sackcloth
יֵּשֶׁב he sat	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶלֶך the king

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמְטָא פִּתְגָמָא לְוַת מַלְכָּא דְנִינְוֵה וְקָם מִכּוּרְסֵי מַלְכוּתֵיהּ וְאַעְדִי לְבוּשֵׁי יְקָרֵיהּ מִנֵיהּ וְאִתְכַּסֵי שַׂקָא וִיתִיב עַל קִיטְמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the tidings reached the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JON:32.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.3.6/