Joshua 10:16 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
Who acts: five kings · What happens: flee, hide · To what, where: stones, cave
This is Joshua 10:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — five kings — and what happens in the verse to stones, cave, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיָּנֻ֕סוּ חֲמֵ֖שֶׁת הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחָבְא֥וּ בַמְּעָרָ֖ה בְּמַקֵּדָֽה׃
And these five kings fled, and hid themselves in the cave at Makkedah.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יָּנֻ֕סוּ | cc | and |
| 2 | יָּנֻ֕סוּ | נוּס | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they fled |
| 3 | חֲמֵ֖שֶׁת | חָמֵשׁ | NUM | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 מְּלָכִ֣ים | nummod | the five |
| 4 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 5 מְּלָכִ֣ים | det | the |
| 5 | מְּלָכִ֣ים | מֶלֶךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 יָּנֻ֕סוּ | nsubj | kings |
| 6 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 7 אֵ֑לֶּה | det | (the) |
| 7 | אֵ֑לֶּה | אֵלֶּה | DET | Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 מְּלָכִ֣ים | det | these |
| 8 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יֵּחָבְא֥וּ | cc | and |
| 9 | יֵּחָבְא֥וּ | חָבָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יָּנֻ֕סוּ | conj | they hid themselves |
| 10 | בַ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 12 מְּעָרָ֖ה | case | in |
| 11 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 12 מְּעָרָ֖ה | det | the |
| 12 | מְּעָרָ֖ה | מְעָרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 9 יֵּחָבְא֥וּ | obl | cave |
| 13 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 14 מַקֵּדָֽה | case | at |
| 14 | מַקֵּדָֽה | מַקֵּדָה | PROPN | _ | 9 יֵּחָבְא֥וּ | obl | Makkedah |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 מַקֵּדָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יָּנֻסוּ they fled | wayyiqtol · qal | מְּלָכִים kings | |||
| יֵּחָבְאוּ they hid themselves | wayyiqtol · niphal | מְּלָכִים kings |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְאַפָּכוּ חַמְשָׁא מַלְכַיָא הָאִלֵין וְאִטַמָרוּ בִּמְעַרְתָּא בְּמַקֵדָה:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:228.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.16/