Joshua 5:7 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: nation, Joshua, children, way · What happens: raise up, circumcise, be, not circumcise · To what, where: children, stead

This is Joshua 5:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nation, Joshua, children, way — and what happens in the verse to children, stead, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ הֵקִ֣ים תַּחְתָּ֔ם אֹתָ֖ם מָ֣ל יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ כִּי־עֲרֵלִ֣ים הָי֔וּ כִּ֛י לֹא־מָ֥לוּ אוֹתָ֖ם בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃

And He raised up their children in their stead; them did Joshua circumcise; for they were uncircumcised, because they had not been circumcised by the way.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 הֵקִ֣ים	cc	and
2	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	3 בְּנֵי	case	(et)
3	בְּנֵי	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 הֵקִ֣ים	obj	children
4	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 בְּנֵי	nmod:poss	their
5	הֵקִ֣ים	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he raised up
6	תַּחְתּ	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	5 הֵקִ֣ים	obl	in
7	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 תַּחְתּ	nmod:poss	place of them
8	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	9 ָ֖ם	case
9	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 מָ֣ל	obj	them
10	מָ֣ל	מוּל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 הֵקִ֣ים	parataxis	he circumcised
11	יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	10 מָ֣ל	nsubj	Joshua
12	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 עֲרֵלִ֣ים	mark	(dm)
13	עֲרֵלִ֣ים	עָרֵל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 הֵקִ֣ים	advcl	uncircumcised
14	הָי֔וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	13 עֲרֵלִ֣ים	cop	they were
15	כִּ֛י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	17 מָ֥לוּ	mark	(dm)
16	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	17 מָ֥לוּ	advmod	not
17	מָ֥לוּ	מוּל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 הֵקִ֣ים	advcl	people had circumcised
18	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	19 ָ֖ם	case
19	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 מָ֥לוּ	obj	them
20	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 דָּֽרֶךְ	case	on
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 דָּֽרֶךְ	det	the
22	דָּֽרֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 מָ֥לוּ	obl	way
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 דָּֽרֶךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הֵקִים he raised up	qatal · hiphil	בְּנֵי children
מָל he circumcised	qatal · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua	ָם them
הָיוּ they were	qatal · qal	בְּנֵי children
not מָלוּ people had circumcised	qatal · qal		ָם them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיַת בְּנֵיהוֹן דְקָמוּ בַתְרֵיהוֹן יַתְהוֹן גְזַר יְהוֹשֻעַ אֲרֵי עֲרֵלִין הֲווֹ אֲרֵי לָא גְזָרוּ יַתְהוֹן בְּאָרְחָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And He raised up their children in their stead; them did Joshua circumcise; for they were uncircumcised, because they had not been circumcised by the way.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:89.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.7/