Joshua 8:29 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, king · What happens: hang, command, take down, cast, raise · To what, where: tree, going, carcass, entrance, great heap · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 8:29 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, king — and what happens in the verse to tree, going, carcass, entrance, great heap, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֶת־מֶ֧לֶךְ הָעַ֛י תָּלָ֥ה עַל־הָעֵ֖ץ עַד־עֵ֣ת הָעָ֑רֶב וּכְב֣וֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ֩ צִוָּ֨ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ וַיֹּרִ֧ידוּ אֶת־נִבְלָת֣וֹ מִן־הָעֵ֗ץ וַיַּשְׁלִ֤יכוּ אוֹתָהּ֙ אֶל־פֶּ֙תַח֙ שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֔יר וַיָּקִ֤ימוּ עָלָיו֙ גַּל־אֲבָנִ֣ים גָּד֔וֹל עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃פ

And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until the eventide; and at the going down of the sun Joshua commanded, and they took his carcass down from the tree, and cast it at the entrance of the gate of the city, and raised thereon a great heap of stones, unto this day.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 תָּלָ֥ה	cc	and
2	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	3 מֶ֧לֶךְ	case	(et)
3	מֶ֧לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 תָּלָ֥ה	obj	the king
4	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 עַ֛י	det	of (the)
5	עַ֛י	עַי	PROPN	_	3 מֶ֧לֶךְ	compound:smixut	Ai
6	תָּלָ֥ה	תָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he hanged
7	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	9 עֵ֖ץ	case	on
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 עֵ֖ץ	det	the
9	עֵ֖ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 תָּלָ֥ה	obl	tree
10	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	11 עֵ֣ת	case	until
11	עֵ֣ת	עֵת	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 תָּלָ֥ה	obl	the time
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 עָ֑רֶב	det	of
13	עָ֑רֶב	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 עֵ֣ת	compound:smixut	the evening
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 צִוָּ֨ה	cc	and
15	כְ	כְּ	ADP	_	16 ב֣וֹא	case	just
16	ב֣וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 צִוָּ֨ה	xcomp	as went
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 שֶּׁמֶשׁ֩	det	the
18	שֶּׁמֶשׁ֩	שֶׁמֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 ב֣וֹא	nsubj	sun
19	צִוָּ֨ה	צָוָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	6 תָּלָ֥ה	conj	he commanded
20	יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	19 צִוָּ֨ה	nsubj	Joshua
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יֹּרִ֧ידוּ	cc	and
22	יֹּרִ֧ידוּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	6 תָּלָ֥ה	conj	they took down
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	24 נִבְלָת	case	(et)
24	נִבְלָת	נְבֵלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	22 יֹּרִ֧ידוּ	obj	corpse
25	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 נִבְלָת	nmod:poss	his
26	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	28 עֵ֗ץ	case	from
27	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 עֵ֗ץ	det	the
28	עֵ֗ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 יֹּרִ֧ידוּ	obl	tree
29	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 יַּשְׁלִ֤יכוּ	cc	and
30	יַּשְׁלִ֤יכוּ	שָׁלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	6 תָּלָ֥ה	conj	they threw
31	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	32 ָהּ֙	case
32	ָהּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 יַּשְׁלִ֤יכוּ	obj	it
33	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	34 פֶּ֙תַח֙	case	to
34	פֶּ֙תַח֙	פֶּתַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 יַּשְׁלִ֤יכוּ	obl	the entrance
35	שַׁ֣עַר	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	34 פֶּ֙תַח֙	compound:smixut	of the gate
36	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 עִ֔יר	det	of
37	עִ֔יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	35 שַׁ֣עַר	compound:smixut	the city
38	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	39 יָּקִ֤ימוּ	cc	and
39	יָּקִ֤ימוּ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	6 תָּלָ֥ה	conj	they set up
40	עָלָי	עַל	ADP	_	41 ו֙	case	over
41	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 יָּקִ֤ימוּ	obl	him
42	גַּל־	גַּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 יָּקִ֤ימוּ	obj	a heap
43	אֲבָנִ֣ים	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	42 גַּל־	compound:smixut	of stones
44	גָּד֔וֹל	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	42 גַּל־	amod	great
45	עַ֖ד	עַד	ADP	_	47 יּ֥וֹם	case	until
46	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	47 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
47	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 יָּקִ֤ימוּ	obl	day
48	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	49 זֶּֽה	det	(the)
49	זֶּֽה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	47 יּ֥וֹם	det	this
50	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	49 זֶּֽה	punct
51	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	49 זֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תָּלָה he hanged	qatal · qal		מֶלֶךְ the king
בוֹא as went	infinitive construct · qal	שֶּׁמֶשׁ sun
צִוָּה he commanded	qatal · piel	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
יֹּרִידוּ they took down	wayyiqtol · hiphil		נִבְלָת corpse
יַּשְׁלִיכוּ they threw	wayyiqtol · hiphil		ָהּ it
יָּקִימוּ they set up	wayyiqtol · hiphil		גַּל־ a heap

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיַת מַלְכָּא דְעַי צְלַב עַל צְלִיבָא עַד עִידַן רַמְשָׁא וּכְמֵיעַל שִׁמְשָׁא פַּקֵד יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וַאֲחִיתוּ יַת נִבְלָתֵיהּ מִן צְלִיבָא וּרְמוֹ יָתֵיהּ בְּמַעֲלָנָא תְּרַע קַרְתָּא וְאַקִימוּ עֲלוֹהִי דְגוֹר אַבְנִין רַב עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until the eventide; and at the going down of the sun Joshua commanded, and they took his carcass down from the tree, and cast it at the entrance of the gate of the city, and raised thereon a great heap of stones, unto this day.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:179.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.29/