Malachi 3:8 מַלְאָכִי

Who acts: man, ye, we · What happens: rob, say · To what, where: God, Me, Thee · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Malachi 3:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, ye, we — and what happens in the verse to God, Me, Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הֲיִקְבַּ֨ע אָדָ֜ם אֱלֹהִ֗ים כִּ֤י אַתֶּם֙ קֹבְעִ֣ים אֹתִ֔י וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם בַּמֶּ֣ה קְבַעֲנ֑וּךָ הַֽמַּעֲשֵׂ֖ר וְהַתְּרוּמָֽה׃

Will a man rob God? Yet ye rob Me. But ye say: 'Wherein have we robbed Thee?' In tithes and heave-offerings.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	2 יִקְבַּ֨ע	advmod	will
2	יִקְבַּ֨ע	קָבַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he rob?
3	אָדָ֜ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִקְבַּ֨ע	nsubj	someone
4	אֱלֹהִ֗ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִקְבַּ֨ע	obj	God
5	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	7 קֹבְעִ֣ים	mark	(dm)
6	אַתֶּם֙	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 קֹבְעִ֣ים	nsubj	you
7	קֹבְעִ֣ים	קָבַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יִקְבַּ֨ע	advcl	[are] robbing
8	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	9 ִ֔י	case
9	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 קֹבְעִ֣ים	obj	me
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 אֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם	cc	and
11	אֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יִקְבַּ֨ע	conj	you say
12	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 מֶּ֣ה	case
13	מֶּ֣ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	14 קְבַעֲנ֑וּ	obl	how?
14	קְבַעֲנ֑וּ	קָבַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	11 אֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם	ccomp	have
15	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 קְבַעֲנ֑וּ	obj	we robbed you
16	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 מַּעֲשֵׂ֖ר	det	the
17	מַּעֲשֵׂ֖ר	מַעֲשֵׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 קְבַעֲנ֑וּ	parataxis	tithe
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 תְּרוּמָֽה	cc	and
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 תְּרוּמָֽה	det	the
20	תְּרוּמָֽה	תְּרוּמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 מַּעֲשֵׂ֖ר	conj	contribution
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 תְּרוּמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִקְבַּע he rob?	yiqtol · qal	אָדָם someone	אֱלֹהִים God
קֹבְעִים [are] robbing	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם you	ִי me
אֲמַרְתֶּם you say	weqatal · qal
קְבַעֲנוּ have	qatal · qal		ךָ we robbed you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הַיַרְגֵז גְבַר קֳדָם דַיָנָא אֲרֵי אַתּוּן מַרְגְזִין קֳדָמַי וְאִם תֵּימְרוּן בְּמָא אַרְגֵזְנָא קֳדָמָךְ בְּמַעַשְׂרַיָא וּבִתְרוּמָתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:MAL:38.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.8/