Nahum 3:13 נַחוּם

Who acts: people, fire · What happens: be, set, devour · To what, where: women, gates, bars

This is Nahum 3:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, fire — and what happens in the verse to women, gates, bars, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִנֵּ֨ה עַמֵּ֤ךְ נָשִׁים֙ בְּקִרְבֵּ֔ךְ לְאֹ֣יְבַ֔יִךְ פָּת֥וֹחַ נִפְתְּח֖וּ שַׁעֲרֵ֣י אַרְצֵ֑ךְ אָכְלָ֥ה אֵ֖שׁ בְּרִיחָֽיִך׃

Behold, thy people in the midst of thee are women; the gates of thy land are set wide open unto thine enemies; the fire hath devoured thy bars.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִנֵּ֨ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	4 נָשִׁים֙	discourse	there!
2	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 נָשִׁים֙	nsubj	people
3	ֵ֤ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 עַמּ	nmod:poss	your
4	נָשִׁים֙	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	root	root	[are] women
5	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 קִרְבּ	case	in
6	קִרְבּ	קֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 נָשִׁים֙	obl	midst
7	ֵ֔ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 קִרְבּ	nmod:poss	your
8	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	9 אֹ֣יְבַ֔י	case	to
9	אֹ֣יְבַ֔י	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	12 נִפְתְּח֖וּ	obl	enemies
10	ִךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אֹ֣יְבַ֔י	nmod:poss	your
11	פָּת֥וֹחַ	פָּתַח	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 נִפְתְּח֖וּ	obl:npmod	wide (open)
12	נִפְתְּח֖וּ	פָּתַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 נָשִׁים֙	parataxis	they will be opened
13	שַׁעֲרֵ֣י	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 נִפְתְּח֖וּ	nsubj	the gates
14	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 שַׁעֲרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	your land
15	ֵ֑ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	your
16	אָכְלָ֥ה	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 נָשִׁים֙	parataxis	it will consume
17	אֵ֖שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 אָכְלָ֥ה	nsubj	fire
18	בְּרִיחָֽי	בְּרִיחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 אָכְלָ֥ה	obj	bars
19	ִך	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 בְּרִיחָֽי	nmod:poss	your
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ִך	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נִפְתְּחוּ they will be opened	qatal · niphal		שַׁעֲרֵי the gates
אָכְלָה it will consume	qatal · qal	אֵשׁ fire	בְּרִיחָֽי bars

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הָא עַמֵךְ חֲלָשִׁין כִּנְשַׁיָא בְּגַוִיךְ לְבַעֲלֵי דְבָבַיִךְ אִתְפְּתָחוּ תַּרְעֵי אַרְעֵיךְ אָכְלַת אֶשְׁתָּא תּוּקְפִיךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Behold, thy people in the midst of thee are women; the gates of thy land are set wide open unto thine enemies; the fire hath devoured thy bars.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:40.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.13/