Nahum 3:7 נַחוּם

Who acts: dung, all, I · What happens: come, pass, look, flee, say, lay · To what, where: thee, Nineveh, comforters · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Nahum 3:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — dung, all, I — and what happens in the verse to thee, Nineveh, comforters, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָיָ֤ה כָל־רֹאַ֙יִךְ֙ יִדּ֣וֹד מִמֵּ֔ךְ וְאָמַר֙ שָׁדְּדָ֣ה נִֽינְוֵ֔ה מִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑הּ מֵאַ֛יִן אֲבַקֵּ֥שׁ מְנַחֲמִ֖ים לָֽךְ׃

And it shall come to pass, that all they that look upon thee shall flee from thee, and say: 'Nineveh is laid waste; who will bemoan her? whence shall I seek comforters for thee?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 הָיָ֤ה	cc	and
2	הָיָ֤ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be
3	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יִדּ֣וֹד	nsubj	all
4	רֹאַ֙י	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 כָל־	compound:smixut	[those
5	ִךְ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 רֹאַ֙י	nmod:poss	who] see you
6	יִדּ֣וֹד	נָדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הָיָ֤ה	parataxis	he will flee
7	מִמּ	מִן	ADP	_	8 ֵ֔ךְ	case	from
8	ֵ֔ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 יִדּ֣וֹד	obl	you
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אָמַר֙	cc	and
10	אָמַר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הָיָ֤ה	conj	he will say
11	שָׁדְּדָ֣ה	שָׁדַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 אָמַר֙	ccomp	it is devastated
12	נִֽינְוֵ֔ה	נִינְוֵה	PROPN	_	11 שָׁדְּדָ֣ה	nsubj	Nineveh
13	מִ֖י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	14 יָנ֣וּד	nsubj	who?
14	יָנ֣וּד	נוּד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 שָׁדְּדָ֣ה	parataxis	will he show sympathy
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ָ֑הּ	case	to
16	ָ֑הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 יָנ֣וּד	obl	it
17	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	18 אַ֛יִן	case	from
18	אַ֛יִן	אַיִן	ADV	_	19 אֲבַקֵּ֥שׁ	obl	where?
19	אֲבַקֵּ֥שׁ	בָּקַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	11 שָׁדְּדָ֣ה	parataxis	will I seek
20	מְנַחֲמִ֖ים	נָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	19 אֲבַקֵּ֥שׁ	obj	comforters
21	ל	לְ	ADP	_	22 ָֽךְ	case	for
22	ָֽךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 אֲבַקֵּ֥שׁ	obl	you
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ָֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
רֹאַי [those	participle active · qal		ִךְ who] see you
יִדּוֹד he will flee	yiqtol · qal	רֹאַי [those
אָמַר he will say	qatal · qal	רֹאַי [those
שָׁדְּדָה it is devastated	qatal · pual		נִֽינְוֵה Nineveh
יָנוּד will he show sympathy	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?
not אֲבַקֵּשׁ will I seek	yiqtol · piel		מְנַחֲמִים comforters

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהֵי כָּל דִי יַחֲזִינֵיךְ יִתְרְחַק מִנֵיךְ וְיֵימַר אִתְבְּזִיזַת נִינְוֵה מָן יִדְוֵי עֲלָךְ אֵיפֹא אַשְׁכַּח מְנַחֲמִין לָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it shall come to pass, that all they that look upon thee shall flee from thee, and say: 'Nineveh is laid waste; who will bemoan her? whence shall I seek comforters for thee?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:34.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.7/