1 Samuel 12:19 · JPS 1917
And all the people said unto Samuel: 'Pray for thy servants unto the LORD thy God, that we die not; for we have added unto all our sins this evil, to ask us a king.'
Who acts: people, we · What happens: say, pray, not die, add, ask · To what, where: evil, king, us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 12:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 said | cc |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 people | det:predet |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 people | det |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 said | nsubj |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 7 Samuel | case |
| 7 | Samuel | Samuel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 Pray | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 Pray | punct |
| 10 | Pray | pray | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 servants | case |
| 12 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 13 servants | nmod:poss |
| 13 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 Pray | obl |
| 14 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 16 LORD | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 LORD | det |
| 16 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Pray | obl |
| 17 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 God | nmod:poss |
| 18 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 LORD | appos |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 die | punct |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 die | mark |
| 21 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 die | nsubj |
| 22 | die | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 Pray | advcl |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 die | advmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 added | punct |
| 25 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 28 added | mark |
| 26 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 added | nsubj |
| 27 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 added | aux |
| 28 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 Pray | advcl |
| 29 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 32 sins | case |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 sins | det:predet |
| 31 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 sins | nmod:poss |
| 32 | sins | sin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 added | obl |
| 33 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 34 evil | det |
| 34 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 added | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 ask | punct |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 ask | mark |
| 37 | ask | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 added | advcl |
| 38 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 ask | iobj |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 king | det |
| 40 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 ask | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 42 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=request
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | all people | unto Samuel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | pray | infinitive | for thy servants; unto the LORD | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for servant=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not die | present | we | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | add speech: assert | present · perfect | we | this evil | unto our sins | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Patient | |||
| 5 | ask speech: ask | to-infinitive | we not said here | a king | us | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ כָל־הָעָ֜ם אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל הִתְפַּלֵּ֧ל בְּעַד־עֲבָדֶ֛יךָ אֶל־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ וְאַל־נָמ֑וּת כִּֽי־יָסַ֤פְנוּ עַל־כָּל־חַטֹּאתֵ֙ינוּ֙ רָעָ֔ה לִשְׁאֹ֥ל לָ֖נוּ מֶֽלֶךְ׃ס
1 Samuel 12:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:294 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.294/