1 Samuel 13:22 · JPS 1917
So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people that were with Saul and Jonathan; but with Saul and with Jonathan his son was there found.
Who acts: sword, people · What happens: come, pass, be, find · To what, where: axe, sword, hand
This is 1 Samuel 13:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sword, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | expl |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 day | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 day | det |
| 8 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pass | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 battle | case |
| 10 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 day | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 was | punct |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 was | mark |
| 13 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 14 was | expl |
| 14 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | ccomp |
| 15 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 16 sword | cc:preconj |
| 16 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 was | nsubj |
| 17 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 18 spear | cc |
| 18 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sword | conj |
| 19 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 sword | acl |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 hand | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 hand | det |
| 22 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 found | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 any | case |
| 24 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 hand | nmod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 people | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 people | det |
| 27 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 any | nmod |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 Saul | nsubj |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 Saul | cop |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 Saul | case |
| 31 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 people | acl:relcl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 Jonathan | cc |
| 33 | Jonathan | Jonathan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Saul | conj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 found | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 45 found | cc |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 Saul | case |
| 37 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 found | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 Jonathan | cc |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 Jonathan | case |
| 40 | Jonathan | Jonathan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Saul | conj |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 son | nmod:poss |
| 42 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 Jonathan | appos |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 found | aux:pass |
| 44 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 45 found | expl |
| 45 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 was | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | axe | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | day | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | be | past | sword nor spear | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | find | participle | sword nor spear not said here | the hand of any | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is | past | the people | with Saul and Jonathan | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | find | past · passive | sword nor spear not said here | there | with Saul and Jonathan | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְהָיָה֙ בְּי֣וֹם מִלְחֶ֔מֶת וְלֹ֨א נִמְצָ֜א חֶ֤רֶב וַחֲנִית֙ בְּיַ֣ד כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל וְאֶת־יוֹנָתָ֑ן וַתִּמָּצֵ֣א לְשָׁא֔וּל וּלְיוֹנָתָ֖ן בְּנֽוֹ׃
1 Samuel 13:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:325 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.325/