1 Samuel 14:41 · JPS 1917
Therefore Saul said unto the LORD, the God of Israel: 'Declare the right.' And Jonathan and Saul were taken by lot; but the people escaped.
Who acts: Saul, lot, people · What happens: say, declare, take, escape · To what, where: right, Jonathan · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 14:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, lot, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 3 said | advmod |
| 2 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 LORD | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 LORD | det |
| 6 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 God | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 God | det |
| 9 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 LORD | appos |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Israel | case |
| 11 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 God | nmod |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 Declare | punct |
| 13 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 Declare | punct |
| 14 | Declare | declare | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 right | det |
| 16 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Declare | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 Declare | punct |
| 18 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 Declare | punct |
| 19 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 taken | cc |
| 20 | Jonathan | Jonathan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Saul | cc |
| 22 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Jonathan | conj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 taken | aux:pass |
| 24 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 said | conj |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 lot | case |
| 26 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 taken | obl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 escaped | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 escaped | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 people | det |
| 30 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 escaped | nsubj |
| 31 | escaped | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 taken | conj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Saul | unto the LORD; therefore property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | declare speech: other | infinitive | the right | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | take | past · passive | lot | Jonathan and Saul | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument subject=Destination | ||||
| 4 | escape | past | the people | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל אֶל־יְהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הָ֣בָה תָמִ֑ים וַיִּלָּכֵ֧ד יוֹנָתָ֛ן וְשָׁא֖וּל וְהָעָ֥ם יָצָֽאוּ׃
1 Samuel 14:41: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:369 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.369/