1 Samuel 24:2 · JPS 1917
And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was told him, saying: 'Behold, David is in the wilderness of En-gedi.'
Who acts: it, David · What happens: come, pass, return, follow, tell, say · To what, where: Saul, Philistines, it, wilderness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 24:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 came | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 returned | punct |
| 7 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 10 returned | mark |
| 8 | Saul | Saul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 returned | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 returned | aux:pass |
| 10 | returned | return | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 came | advcl |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 following | mark |
| 12 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 returned | advcl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Philistines | det |
| 14 | Philistines | Philistines | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 following | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 told | punct |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 told | mark |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 told | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 told | aux:pass |
| 19 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 came | ccomp |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 told | iobj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 saying | punct |
| 22 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 told | advcl |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 31 wilderness | punct |
| 24 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 31 wilderness | punct |
| 25 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 31 wilderness | discourse |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 wilderness | punct |
| 27 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 wilderness | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 wilderness | cop |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 wilderness | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 wilderness | det |
| 31 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 saying | ccomp |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 gedi | case |
| 33 | En | En | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 gedi | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 gedi | punct |
| 35 | gedi | gedi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 wilderness | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
| 37 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | it | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | return | past · passive | Saul | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | follow | gerund | the Philistines | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent philistines=Theme | |||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | past · passive | it | Saul | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient he=Topic | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | is | present | David | the wilderness | of En gedi | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְהִ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ שָׁ֣ב שָׁא֔וּל מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֣ה דָוִ֔ד בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר עֵ֥ינ גֶּֽדִי עֵ֥ינ גֶּֽדִי׃ס
1 Samuel 24:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:696 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.696/