1 Samuel 30:1 · JPS 1917
And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had made a raid upon the South, and upon Ziklag, and had smitten Ziklag, and burned it with fire;
Who acts: it, Amalekites · What happens: come, pass, make, smite, burn · To what, where: David, Ziklag, raid
This is 1 Samuel 30:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Amalekites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 came | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 come | punct |
| 7 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 13 come | mark |
| 8 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 come | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 men | cc |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 men | nmod:poss |
| 11 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 David | conj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 come | aux:pass |
| 13 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 came | advcl |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 Ziklag | case |
| 15 | Ziklag | Ziklag | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 come | obl |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 day | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 day | det |
| 18 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 19 day | amod |
| 19 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 made | punct |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 made | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Amalekites | det |
| 23 | Amalekites | amalekite | PROPN | Number=Plur | 25 made | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 made | aux |
| 25 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 came | ccomp |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 raid | det |
| 27 | raid | raid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 made | obj |
| 28 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 30 South | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 South | det |
| 30 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 made | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 Ziklag | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 Ziklag | cc |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 34 Ziklag | case |
| 34 | Ziklag | Ziklag | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 made | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 smitten | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 smitten | cc |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 smitten | aux |
| 38 | smitten | smite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 made | conj |
| 39 | Ziklag | Ziklag | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 smitten | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 burned | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 burned | cc |
| 42 | burned | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 smitten | conj |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 burned | obj |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 fire | case |
| 45 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 burned | obl |
| 46 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | it | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | come | past · passive | David and his men | Ziklag | day | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | |||
| 4 | make | past · perfect | the Amalekites | a raid | upon the South; upon Ziklag | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raid=Product | |||
| 5 | smite | past · perfect | the Amalekites not said here | Ziklag | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ziklag=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | burn | past | the Amalekites not said here | raid | with fire | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with fire=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְהִ֞י בְּבֹ֨א דָוִ֧ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֛יו צִֽקְלַ֖ג בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י וַעֲמָלֵקִ֣י פָֽשְׁט֗וּ אֶל־נֶ֙גֶב֙ וְאֶל־צִ֣קְלַ֔ג וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־צִ֣קְלַ֔ג וַיִּשְׂרְפ֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ בָּאֵֽשׁ׃
1 Samuel 30:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:850 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.850/