2 Kings 4:24 · JPS 1917
Then she saddled an ass, and said to her servant: 'Drive, and go forward; slacken me not the riding, except I bid thee.'
Who acts: servant, I · What happens: saddle, say, drive, go, not slacken, bid · To what, where: ass, riding, me, thee · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 4:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servant, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 saddled | advmod |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 saddled | nsubj |
| 3 | saddled | saddle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 ass | det |
| 5 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 saddled | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 said | cc |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 saddled | conj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 servant | case |
| 10 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 servant | nmod:poss |
| 11 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | obl |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 Drive | punct |
| 13 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 Drive | punct |
| 14 | Drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 said | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 go | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 go | cc |
| 17 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 Drive | conj |
| 18 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 17 go | advmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 slacken | punct |
| 20 | slacken | slacken | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 Drive | conj |
| 21 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 slacken | iobj |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 slacken | advmod |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 riding | det |
| 24 | riding | riding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 slacken | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 bid | punct |
| 26 | except | except | SCONJ | _ | 28 bid | mark |
| 27 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 bid | nsubj |
| 28 | bid | bid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 slacken | advcl |
| 29 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 bid | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 saddled | punct |
| 31 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 saddled | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | saddle | past | servant | a ass | then | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent ass=Destination | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | servant not said here | to servant's servant | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to servant=Experiencer clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | drive | infinitive | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | go | infinitive | forward property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | not slacken | infinitive | the riding | me | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent i=Patient riding=Result | ||||
| 6 | bid | present | I | thee | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַֽתַּחֲבֹשׁ֙ הָֽאָת֔וֹן וַתֹּ֥אמֶר אֶֽל־נַעֲרָ֖הּ נְהַ֣ג וָלֵ֑ךְ אַל־תַּעֲצָר־לִ֣י לִרְכֹּ֔ב כִּ֖י אִם־אָמַ֥רְתִּי לָֽךְ׃
2 Kings 4:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:103 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.103/