2 Kings 1:15 · JPS 1917
And the angel of the LORD said unto Elijah: 'Go down with him; be not afraid of him.' And he arose, and went down with him unto the king.
Who acts: angel, Elijah · What happens: say, go down, not be, arise · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 1:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (angel, Elijah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 angel | det |
| 3 | angel | angel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 LORD | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 LORD | det |
| 6 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 angel | nmod |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 9 Elijah | case |
| 9 | Elijah | Elijah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 Go | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 Go | punct |
| 12 | Go | go | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 13 | down | down | ADV | _ | 12 Go | advmod |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 Go | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 afraid | punct |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 afraid | cop |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 afraid | advmod |
| 19 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 Go | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 him | case |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 afraid | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 Go | punct |
| 23 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 Go | punct |
| 24 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 arose | cc |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 arose | nsubj |
| 26 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 went | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 went | cc |
| 29 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 arose | conj |
| 30 | down | down | ADV | _ | 29 went | advmod |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 went | obl |
| 33 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 35 king | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 king | det |
| 35 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 went | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator, form=decl, act=narrate, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the angel of the LORD | unto Elijah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | go down | infinitive | with Elijah; down property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | not is | infinitive | of Elijah; afraid property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | arise | past | Elijah | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | go down | past | Elijah not said here | with Elijah; unto the king; down property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְדַבֵּ֞ר מַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אֵ֣לִיָּ֔הוּ רֵ֣ד אוֹת֔וֹ אַל־תִּירָ֖א מִפָּנָ֑יו וַיָּ֛קָם וַיֵּ֥רֶד אוֹת֖וֹ אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
2 Kings 1:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:18 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.18/