2 Kings 8:21 · JPS 1917
Then Joram passed over to Zair, and all his chariots with him; and he rose up by night, and smote the Edomites that compassed him about, and the captains of the chariots; and the people fled to their tents.
Who acts: Joram, LORD, Edomites, people · What happens: pass over, rise up, smote, compass, flee · To what, where: Zair, Edomites, LORD, tents
This is 2 Kings 8:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joram, LORD, Edomites, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 passed | advmod |
| 2 | Joram | Joram | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 passed | nsubj |
| 3 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | over | over | ADV | _ | 3 passed | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 Zair | case |
| 6 | Zair | Zair | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 passed | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 chariots | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 chariots | cc |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 chariots | det:predet |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 chariots | nmod:poss |
| 11 | chariots | chariot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 Zair | conj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 chariots | nmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 rose | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 rose | cc |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 rose | nsubj |
| 17 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 passed | conj |
| 18 | up | up | ADP | _ | 17 rose | compound:prt |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 night | case |
| 20 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 rose | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 smote | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 smote | cc |
| 23 | smote | smote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 rose | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Edomites | det |
| 25 | Edomites | Edomite | PROPN | Number=Plur | 23 smote | obj |
| 26 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 compassed | nsubj |
| 27 | compassed | compass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 Edomites | acl:relcl |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 compassed | obj |
| 29 | about | about | ADP | _ | 27 compassed | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 captains | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 captains | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 captains | det |
| 33 | captains | captain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 Edomites | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 chariots | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 chariots | det |
| 36 | chariots | chariot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 captains | nmod |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 fled | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 fled | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 people | det |
| 40 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 fled | nsubj |
| 41 | fled | flee | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 passed | conj |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 tents | case |
| 43 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 tents | nmod:poss |
| 44 | tents | tent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 fled | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 passed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass over | past | Joram | Zair and Joram's chariots with LORD | then | over property | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to zair=Initial_Location | ||
| 2 | rise up | past | LORD | night | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | smote | past | LORD not said here | the Edomites and the captains of the chariots | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | compass | past | the Edomites and the captains of the chariots | LORD | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | flee | past | the people | people's tents | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to tent=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר יוֹרָם֙ צָעִ֔ירָה וְכָל־הָרֶ֖כֶב עִמּ֑וֹ וַֽיְהִי־ה֞וּא קָ֣ם לַ֗יְלָה וַיַּכֶּ֨ה אֶת־אֱד֜וֹם הַסֹּבֵ֤יב אֵלָיו֙ וְאֵת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיָּ֥נָס הָעָ֖ם לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃
2 Kings 8:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:244 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.244/