2 Kings 2:8 · JPS 1917
And Elijah took his mantle, and wrapped it together, and smote the waters, and they were divided hither and thither, so that they two went over on dry ground.
Who acts: Elijah, sons · What happens: take, wrap, smote, divide, go over · To what, where: mantle, waters, sons, dry ground
This is 2 Kings 2:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elijah, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 took | cc |
| 2 | Elijah | Elijah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 took | nsubj |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 mantle | nmod:poss |
| 5 | mantle | mantle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 wrapped | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 wrapped | cc |
| 8 | wrapped | wrap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 wrapped | obj |
| 10 | together | together | ADV | _ | 8 wrapped | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 smote | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 smote | cc |
| 13 | smote | smote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 waters | det |
| 15 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 smote | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 divided | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 divided | cc |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 divided | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 divided | aux:pass |
| 20 | divided | divide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 took | conj |
| 21 | hither | hither | ADV | _ | 20 divided | advmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 thither | cc |
| 23 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 21 hither | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 went | punct |
| 25 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 29 went | mark |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 so | fixed |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 went | nsubj |
| 28 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 they | nmod |
| 29 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 divided | advcl |
| 30 | over | over | ADV | _ | 29 went | advmod |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 33 ground | case |
| 32 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 ground | amod |
| 33 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 went | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Elijah | Elijah's mantle | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mantle=Theme | ||||
| 2 | wrap | past | Elijah not said here | mantle | together property | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 3 | smote | past | Elijah not said here | the waters | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | divide | past · passive | sons = son | hither property | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 5 | go over | past | sons = son | dry ground | over property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on ground=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקַּח֩ אֵלִיָּ֨הוּ אֶת־אַדַּרְתּ֤וֹ וַיִּגְלֹם֙ וַיַּכֶּ֣ה אֶת־הַמַּ֔יִם וַיֵּחָצ֖וּ הֵ֣נָּה וָהֵ֑נָּה וַיַּעַבְר֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם בֶּחָרָבָֽה׃
2 Kings 2:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:30 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.30/