2 Samuel 11:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And it came to pass, at the return of the year, at the time when kings go out to battle, that David sent Joab, and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the children of Ammon, and besieged Rabbah.
Who acts: it, kings, David, year · What happens: come, pass, go out, send, destroy, besiege · To what, where: return, Joab, children, Rabbah
This is 2 Samuel 11:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, kings, David, year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 came | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 return | punct |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 return | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 return | det |
| 9 | return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 year | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 year | det |
| 12 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 return | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 time | punct |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 time | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 time | det |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 17 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 19 go | advmod |
| 18 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 go | nsubj |
| 19 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 time | acl:relcl |
| 20 | out | out | ADV | _ | 19 go | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 battle | case |
| 22 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 go | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 sent | punct |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 sent | mark |
| 25 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 sent | nsubj |
| 26 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | ccomp |
| 27 | Joab | Joab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 sent | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 servants | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 servants | cc |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 servants | nmod:poss |
| 31 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 Joab | conj |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 him | case |
| 33 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 servants | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 Israel | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 Israel | cc |
| 36 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 37 Israel | det |
| 37 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Joab | conj |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 destroyed | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 destroyed | cc |
| 40 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 destroyed | nsubj |
| 41 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | conj |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 children | det |
| 43 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 destroyed | obj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 Ammon | case |
| 45 | Ammon | Ammon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 children | nmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 besieged | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 besieged | cc |
| 48 | besieged | besiege | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 destroyed | conj |
| 49 | Rabbah | Rabbah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 besieged | obj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | it | the return of the year | time | tree rules | |||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | go out | present | kings | to battle; out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | send | past | David | Joab and David's servants with him and all Israel | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent joab=Theme | ||||
| 5 | destroy | past | kings = king | the children of Ammon | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient | ||||
| 6 | besiege | past | kings = king not said here | Rabbah | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | return | the year | nom return «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְהִי֩ לִתְשׁוּבַ֨ת הַשָּׁנָ֜ה לְעֵ֣ת ׀ צֵ֣את הַמַּלְאֿכִ֗יםוַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח דָּוִ֡ד אֶת־יוֹאָב֩ וְאֶת־עֲבָדָ֨יו עִמּ֜וֹ וְאֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיַּשְׁחִ֙תוּ֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עַל־רַבָּ֑ה וְדָוִ֖ד יוֹשֵׁ֥ב בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ס
2 Samuel 11:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And it came to pass, at the return of the year, at the time when kings go out to battle, that David sent Joab, and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the children of Ammon, and besieged Rabbah.
- But David tarried at Jerusalem.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:268 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.268/