2 Samuel 11:25 · JPS 1917

Then David said unto the messenger: 'Thus shalt thou say unto Joab: Let not this thing displease thee, for the sword devoureth in one manner or another; make thy battle more strong against the city, and overthrow it; and encourage thou him.'

Who acts: David, thou, thing, sword, thy · What happens: say, not let, displease, devour, make, overthrow · To what, where: thing, thee, one manner, battle, David · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 2 Samuel 11:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, thou, thing, sword), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 said	advmod
2	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	unto	unto	ADP	_	6 messenger	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 messenger	det
6	messenger	messenger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 say	punct
8	'	'	PUNCT	_	12 say	punct
9	Thus	thus	ADV	_	12 say	advmod
10	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	12 say	aux
11	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	12 say	nsubj
12	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	ccomp
13	unto	unto	ADP	_	14 Joab	case
14	Joab	Joab	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 say	obl
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 Let	punct
16	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	12 say	parataxis
17	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 Let	advmod
18	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 thing	det
19	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 Let	obj
20	displease	displease	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 Let	xcomp
21	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	20 displease	obj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 devoureth	punct
23	for	for	SCONJ	_	26 devoureth	mark
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 sword	det
25	sword	sword	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 devoureth	nsubj
26	devoureth	devour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 Let	advcl
27	in	in	ADP	_	29 manner	case
28	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	29 manner	nummod
29	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 devoureth	obl
30	or	or	CCONJ	_	31 another	cc
31	another	another	PRON	PronType=Ind	29 manner	conj
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 make	punct
33	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	16 Let	conj
34	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	35 battle	nmod:poss
35	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 make	obj
36	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	37 strong	advmod
37	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 make	xcomp
38	against	against	ADP	_	40 city	case
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 city	det
40	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 strong	obl
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 overthrow	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 overthrow	cc
43	overthrow	overthrow	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	33 make	conj
44	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 overthrow	obj
45	;	;	PUNCT	_	47 encourage	punct
46	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 encourage	cc
47	encourage	encourage	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	33 make	conj
48	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	47 encourage	nsubj
49	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 encourage	obj
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct
51	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: suggest
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	David			then	unto the messenger	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert	shall	thou				unto Joab; thus property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	not let	infinitive		this thing				tree rules
4	displease	infinitive	this thing not said here	thee				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thou=Experiencer
5	devour	present	the sword		one manner			vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6	make	infinitive		thy battle			strong property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset battle=Product
7	overthrow	infinitive		battle				tree rules
8	encourage	infinitive	thou	David				vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
9	battle		thy					nom battle «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־הַמַּלְאָ֗ךְ כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֤ר אֶל־יוֹאָב֙ אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־כָזֹ֥ה וְכָזֶ֖ה תֹּאכַ֣ל הֶחָ֑רֶב הַחֲזֵ֨ק מִלְחַמְתְּךָ֧ אֶל־הָעִ֛יר וְהָרְסָ֖הּ וְחַזְּקֵֽהוּ׃

2 Samuel 11:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:294 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.294/