2 Samuel 14:7 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And, behold, the whole family is risen against thy handmaid, and they said: Deliver him that smote his brother, that we may kill him for the life of his brother whom he slew, and so destroy the heir also.
Who acts: words, we, handmaid · What happens: rise, say, deliver, smite, kill, slay · To what, where: whole family, handmaid, brother, heir · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 14:7 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, we, handmaid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 risen | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 behold | punct |
| 3 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 9 risen | discourse |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 behold | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 family | det |
| 6 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 family | amod |
| 7 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 risen | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 risen | aux:pass |
| 9 | risen | rise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 12 handmaid | case |
| 11 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 handmaid | nmod:poss |
| 12 | handmaid | handmaid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 risen | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 said | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 said | nsubj |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 risen | conj |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 Deliver | punct |
| 18 | Deliver | deliver | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 said | ccomp |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 Deliver | obj |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 him | nsubj |
| 21 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 him | acl:relcl |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 brother | nmod:poss |
| 23 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 smote | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 kill | punct |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 kill | mark |
| 26 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 kill | nsubj |
| 27 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 kill | aux |
| 28 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 Deliver | advcl |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 kill | obj |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 32 life | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 life | det |
| 32 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 kill | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 brother | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 brother | nmod:poss |
| 35 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 life | nmod |
| 36 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 slew | obj |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 slew | nsubj |
| 38 | slew | slay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 brother | acl:relcl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 destroy | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 destroy | cc |
| 41 | so | so | ADV | _ | 42 destroy | advmod |
| 42 | destroy | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 kill | conj |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 heir | det |
| 44 | heir | heir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 destroy | obj |
| 45 | also | also | ADV | _ | 42 destroy | advmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 risen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | present · passive | the whole family | against thy handmaid | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | words = word | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | deliver | infinitive | handmaid | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | |||||
| 4 | smite | past | handmaid's brother | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus brother=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | kill | may | we | handmaid | for the life of handmaid's brother | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 6 | slay | past | handmaid | handmaid's brother | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient | ||||
| 7 | destroy | infinitive | we not said here | the heir | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heir=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְהִנֵּה֩ קָ֨מָה כָֽל־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֜ה עַל־שִׁפְחָתֶ֗ךָ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ תְּנִ֣י ׀ אֶת־מַכֵּ֣ה אָחִ֗יו וּנְמִתֵ֙הוּ֙ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ אָחִיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָרָ֔ג וְנַשְׁמִ֖ידָה גַּ֣ם אֶת־הַיּוֹרֵ֑שׁ וְכִבּ֗וּ אֶת־גַּֽחַלְתִּי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁאָ֔רָה לְבִלְתִּ֧י שִׂים־לְאִישִׁ֛י שֵׁ֥ם וּשְׁאֵרִ֖ית עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃פ
2 Samuel 14:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And, behold, the whole family is risen against thy handmaid, and they said: Deliver him that smote his brother, that we may kill him for the life of his brother whom he slew, and so destroy the heir also.
- Thus will they quench my coal which is left, and will leave to my husband neither name nor remainder upon the face of the earth.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:390 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.390/