2 Samuel 16:16 · JPS 1917
And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come unto Absalom, that Hushai said unto Absalom: 'Long live the king, long live the king.'
Who acts: Hushai, king · What happens: come, pass, say, live · To what, where: side · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 16:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hushai, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 came | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | expl |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 come | punct |
| 7 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 17 come | mark |
| 8 | Hushai | Hushai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 come | nsubj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Archite | det |
| 10 | Archite | Archite | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Hushai | appos |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 friend | punct |
| 12 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 friend | nmod:poss |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 David | case |
| 14 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Hushai | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 friend | punct |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 come | aux |
| 17 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 came | advcl |
| 18 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 19 Absalom | case |
| 19 | Absalom | Absalom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 come | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 said | punct |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 said | mark |
| 22 | Hushai | Hushai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 said | nsubj |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | csubj |
| 24 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 25 Absalom | case |
| 25 | Absalom | Absalom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 said | obl |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 live | punct |
| 27 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 live | punct |
| 28 | Long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 29 live | advmod |
| 29 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 said | ccomp |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 king | det |
| 31 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 live | nsubj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 live | punct |
| 33 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 live | advmod |
| 34 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 live | parataxis |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 king | det |
| 36 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 live | nsubj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 live | punct |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 live | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | side | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | come | past · passive | Hushai | unto Absalom | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Hushai | unto Absalom | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | live | infinitive | the king | long property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | live | infinitive | the king | long property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְהִ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֞א חוּשַׁ֧י הָאַרְכִּ֛י רֵעֶ֥ה דָוִ֖ד אֶל־אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיֹּ֤אמֶר חוּשַׁי֙ אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם יְחִ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְחִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
2 Samuel 16:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:473 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.473/