Isaiah 46:1 · JPS 1917
Bel boweth down, Nebo stoopeth; their idols are upon the beasts, and upon the cattle; the things that ye carried about are made a load, a burden to the weary beast.
Who acts: Bel, Nebo, idols, ye · What happens: bow down, stoop, be, carry, make · To what, where: things
This is Isaiah 46:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bel, Nebo, idols, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bel | Bel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 boweth | nsubj |
| 2 | boweth | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADP | _ | 2 boweth | compound:prt |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 stoopeth | punct |
| 5 | Nebo | Nebo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 stoopeth | nsubj |
| 6 | stoopeth | stoop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 boweth | conj |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 beasts | punct |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 idols | nmod:poss |
| 9 | idols | idol | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 beasts | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 beasts | cop |
| 11 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 13 beasts | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 beasts | det |
| 13 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 boweth | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 cattle | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 cattle | cc |
| 16 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 18 cattle | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 cattle | det |
| 18 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 beasts | conj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 made | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 things | det |
| 21 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 made | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 carried | obj |
| 23 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 24 carried | nsubj |
| 24 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 things | acl:relcl |
| 25 | about | about | ADV | _ | 24 carried | advmod |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 made | aux:pass |
| 27 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 boweth | parataxis |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 load | det |
| 29 | load | load | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 made | xcomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 burden | punct |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 burden | det |
| 32 | burden | burden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 load | appos |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 beast | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 beast | det |
| 35 | weary | weary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 beast | amod |
| 36 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 burden | nmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 boweth | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bow down | present | Bel | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | stoop | present | Nebo | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | their idols | upon the beasts and the cattle | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | carry | past | ye | the things | about property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme | |||
| 5 | make | present · passive | the things | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כָּרַ֥ע בֵּל֙ קֹרֵ֣ס נְב֔וֹ הָיוּ֙ עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֔ם לַחַיָּ֖ה וְלַבְּהֵמָ֑ה נְשֻׂאֹתֵיכֶ֣ם עֲמוּס֔וֹת מַשָּׂ֖א לַעֲיֵפָֽה׃
Isaiah 46:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1030 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1030/