Isaiah 8:20 · JPS 1917
for instruction and for testimony?' — Surely they will speak according to this word, wherein there is no light. —
Who acts: wonders, light · What happens: speak, accord, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Isaiah 8:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wonders, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | for | for | ADP | _ | 2 instruction | case |
| 2 | instruction | instruction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 speak | obl |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 testimony | cc |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 testimony | case |
| 5 | testimony | testimony | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 instruction | conj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 instruction | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 ? | punct |
| 8 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 speak | punct |
| 9 | Surely | surely | ADV | _ | 12 speak | advmod |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 speak | nsubj |
| 11 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 speak | aux |
| 12 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 13 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 word | case |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 according | fixed |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 word | det |
| 16 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 speak | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 is | punct |
| 18 | wherein | wherein | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 is | advmod |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 20 is | expl |
| 20 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 word | acl:relcl |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 light | det |
| 22 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 is | nsubj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 speak | punct |
| 24 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 speak | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | future | wonders = wonder | for instruction and testimony; accord this word; surely property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | be | present | no light | there | wherein property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לְתוֹרָ֖ה וְלִתְעוּדָ֑ה אִם־לֹ֤א יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵֽין־ל֖וֹ שָֽׁחַר׃
Isaiah 8:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:182 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.182/