Joshua 9:22 · JPS 1917
And Joshua called for them, and he spoke unto them, saying: 'Wherefore have ye beguiled us, saying: We are very far from you, when ye dwell among us?
Who acts: Joshua, Israel, ye, We · What happens: call, speak, say, beguile, be, dwell · To what, where: us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 9:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, Israel, ye, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 called | cc |
| 2 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 called | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 spoke | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 spoke | cc |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 spoke | nsubj |
| 9 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 called | conj |
| 10 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 11 them | case |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 spoke | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 saying | punct |
| 13 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 spoke | advcl |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 beguiled | punct |
| 15 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 19 beguiled | punct |
| 16 | Wherefore | wherefore | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 beguiled | advmod |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 beguiled | aux |
| 18 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 19 beguiled | nsubj |
| 19 | beguiled | beguile | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 saying | ccomp |
| 20 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 beguiled | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 beguiled | punct |
| 22 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 beguiled | advcl |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 27 far | punct |
| 24 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 far | nsubj |
| 25 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 far | cop |
| 26 | very | very | ADV | _ | 27 far | advmod |
| 27 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 saying | ccomp |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 you | case |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 27 far | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 dwell | punct |
| 31 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 33 dwell | mark |
| 32 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 33 dwell | nsubj |
| 33 | dwell | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 far | advcl |
| 34 | among | among | ADP | _ | 35 us | case |
| 35 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 dwell | obl |
| 36 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=ask, indirect=0
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Joshua | for princes = prince | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for they=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | past | Israel | unto princes = prince | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | Israel not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | beguile | present · perfect | ye | us | wherefore property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus we=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | gerund | ye not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is | present | We | from you; far property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | dwell | present | ye | among us | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among we=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקְרָ֤א לָהֶם֙ יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר לָמָּה֩ רִמִּיתֶ֨ם אֹתָ֜נוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר רְחוֹקִ֨ים אֲנַ֤חְנוּ מִכֶּם֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְאַתֶּ֖ם בְּקִרְבֵּ֥נוּ יֹשְׁבִֽים׃
Joshua 9:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:215 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.215/