Joshua 9:24 · JPS 1917
And they answered Joshua, and said: 'Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that the LORD thy God commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore we were sore afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing.
Who acts: Joshua, LORD, we · What happens: answer, say, tell, command, give, destroy · To what, where: Joshua, water, servants, servant, land, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 9:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, LORD, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 answered | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 answered | nsubj |
| 3 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 answered | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 answered | conj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 told | punct |
| 10 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 told | mark |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 told | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 told | aux:pass |
| 13 | certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 14 told | advmod |
| 14 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 afraid | advcl |
| 15 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 16 servants | nmod:poss |
| 16 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 told | iobj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 told | punct |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 commanded | advmod |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 commanded | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 LORD | det |
| 21 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 commanded | nsubj |
| 22 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 God | nmod:poss |
| 23 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 LORD | appos |
| 24 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 told | ccomp |
| 25 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 servant | nmod:poss |
| 26 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 commanded | obj |
| 27 | Moses | Moses | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 servant | appos |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 give | mark |
| 29 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 commanded | xcomp |
| 30 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 29 give | iobj |
| 31 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 land | det:predet |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 land | det |
| 33 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 give | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 destroy | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 destroy | cc |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 destroy | mark |
| 37 | destroy | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 give | conj |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 inhabitants | det:predet |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 inhabitants | det |
| 40 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 destroy | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 land | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 land | det |
| 43 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 inhabitants | nmod |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 46 you | case |
| 45 | before | before | ADP | _ | 46 you | case |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 37 destroy | obl |
| 47 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 52 afraid | punct |
| 48 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 52 afraid | advmod |
| 49 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 afraid | nsubj |
| 50 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 52 afraid | cop |
| 51 | sore | sore | ADV | _ | 52 afraid | advmod |
| 52 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 said | conj |
| 53 | for | for | ADP | _ | 55 lives | case |
| 54 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 55 lives | nmod:poss |
| 55 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 afraid | obl |
| 56 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 58 you | case |
| 57 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 because | fixed |
| 58 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 52 afraid | obl |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 done | punct |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 done | cc |
| 61 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 62 done | aux |
| 62 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 52 afraid | conj |
| 63 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 64 thing | det |
| 64 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 done | obj |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | Joshua | Joshua | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent joshua=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Joshua not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past · passive | water | thy servants | certainly property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | command | past | the LORD | God's servant | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent servant=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | give not said to happen | to-infinitive | the LORD not said here | all land | you | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient land=Theme | |||
| 6 | destroy | to-infinitive | the LORD not said here | all inhabitants of the land | from you | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inhabitant=Patient | |||
| 7 | is | past | we | for our lives; because you; afraid, sore, therefore property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | do | present · perfect | we not said here | this thing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּעֲנ֨וּ אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ כִּי֩ הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֤ד לַעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֜ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֣ה עַבְדּ֔וֹ לָתֵ֤ת לָכֶם֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּלְהַשְׁמִ֛יד אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וַנִּירָ֨א מְאֹ֤ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵ֙ינוּ֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם וַֽנַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃
Joshua 9:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:217 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.217/