Joshua 24:2 · JPS 1917
And Joshua said unto all the people: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Your fathers dwelt of old time beyond the River, even Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nahor; and they served other gods.
Who acts: Joshua, LORD, fathers · What happens: say, dwell, serve · To what, where: River, other gods · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 24:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, LORD, fathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 7 people | case |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 people | det:predet |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 people | det |
| 7 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 said | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 saith | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 saith | punct |
| 10 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 11 saith | advmod |
| 11 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | parataxis |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 LORD | det |
| 13 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 saith | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 God | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 God | det |
| 16 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 LORD | appos |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Israel | case |
| 18 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 God | nmod |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 dwelt | punct |
| 20 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 fathers | nmod:poss |
| 21 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 dwelt | nsubj |
| 22 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 saith | ccomp |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 time | case |
| 24 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 time | amod |
| 25 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 dwelt | obl |
| 26 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 28 River | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 River | det |
| 28 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 dwelt | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Terah | punct |
| 30 | even | even | ADV | _ | 31 Terah | advmod |
| 31 | Terah | Terah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 River | appos |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 father | punct |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 father | det |
| 34 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 Terah | appos |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Abraham | case |
| 36 | Abraham | Abraham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 father | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 father | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 father | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 father | det |
| 40 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 father | conj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 Nahor | case |
| 42 | Nahor | Nahor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 father | nmod |
| 43 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 46 served | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 served | cc |
| 45 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 served | nsubj |
| 46 | served | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 dwelt | conj |
| 47 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 gods | amod |
| 48 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 served | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Joshua | unto all people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | the LORD | thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | dwell | past | Your fathers | the River | time | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beyond river=Location | |||
| 4 | serve | past | fathers = father | other gods | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֗ם כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָה֮ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֗ר יָשְׁב֤וּ אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ מֵֽעוֹלָ֔ם תֶּ֛רַח אֲבִ֥י אַבְרָהָ֖ם וַאֲבִ֣י נָח֑וֹר וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃
Joshua 24:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:649 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.649/