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Joshua 24:27 · JPS 1917

And Joshua said unto all the people: 'Behold, this stone shall be a witness against us; for it hath heard all the words of the LORD which He spoke unto us; it shall be therefore a witness against you, lest ye deny your God.'

Who acts: Joshua, stone, ye · What happens: say, be, hear, speak, deny, word · To what, where: witness, words, God, LORD · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Joshua 24:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, stone, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

ccnsubjcasedet:predetdetoblpunctpunctdiscoursepunctdetnsubjauxcopdetccompcasenmodpunctmarknsubjauxadvcldet:predetdetobjcasedetnmodobjnsubjacl:relclcaseoblpunctnsubjauxcopadvmoddetparataxiscasenmodpunctmarknsubjadvclnmod:possobjpunctpunctrootAndCCONJJoshuaPROPNsaidVERBuntoADPallDETtheDETpeopleNOUN:PUNCT'PUNCTBeholdINTJ,PUNCTthisDETstoneNOUNshallAUXbeAUXaDETwitnessNOUNagainstADPusPRON;PUNCTforSCONJitPRONhathAUXheardVERBallDETtheDETwordsNOUNofADPtheDETLORDPROPNwhichPRONHePRONspokeVERBuntoADPusPRON;PUNCTitPRONshallAUXbeAUXthereforeADVaDETwitnessNOUNagainstADPyouPRON,PUNCTlestSCONJyePRONdenyVERByourPRONGodPROPN.PUNCT'PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AndandCCONJ_3 saidcc
2JoshuaJoshuaPROPNNumber=Sing3 saidnsubj
3saidsayVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4untountoADP_7 peoplecase
5allallDETPronType=Tot7 peopledet:predet
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 peopledet
7peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur3 saidobl
8::PUNCT_17 witnesspunct
9''PUNCT_17 witnesspunct
10BeholdbeholdINTJ_17 witnessdiscourse
11,,PUNCT_10 Beholdpunct
12thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem13 stonedet
13stonestoneNOUNNumber=Sing17 witnessnsubj
14shallshallAUXVerbForm=Fin17 witnessaux
15bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf17 witnesscop
16aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art17 witnessdet
17witnesswitnessNOUNNumber=Sing3 saidccomp
18againstagainstADP_19 uscase
19uswePRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs17 witnessnmod
20;;PUNCT_24 heardpunct
21forforSCONJ_24 heardmark
22ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs24 heardnsubj
23hathhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin24 heardaux
24heardhearVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part17 witnessadvcl
25allallDETPronType=Tot27 wordsdet:predet
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 wordsdet
27wordswordNOUNNumber=Plur24 heardobj
28ofofADP_30 LORDcase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 LORDdet
30LORDLORDPROPNNumber=Sing27 wordsnmod
31whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel33 spokeobj
32HehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs33 spokensubj
33spokespeakVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin27 wordsacl:relcl
34untountoADP_35 uscase
35uswePRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs33 spokeobl
36;;PUNCT_42 witnesspunct
37ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs42 witnessnsubj
38shallshallAUXVerbForm=Fin42 witnessaux
39bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf42 witnesscop
40thereforethereforeADV_42 witnessadvmod
41aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art42 witnessdet
42witnesswitnessNOUNNumber=Sing3 saidparataxis
43againstagainstADP_44 youcase
44youyouPRONCase=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs42 witnessnmod
45,,PUNCT_48 denypunct
46lestlestSCONJ_48 denymark
47yeyePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch48 denynsubj
48denydenyVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin42 witnessadvcl
49youryourPRONCase=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs50 Godnmod:poss
50GodGodPROPNNumber=Sing48 denyobj
51..PUNCT_3 saidpunct
52''PUNCT_3 saidpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
polarity
pos
teacher
changed act=assert
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1say speech: assertpastJoshuaunto all peoplevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2is ashallthis stonea witnessagainst ustree rules
3hearpresent · perfectstoneall words of the LORDvn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus
4speak speech: otherpastJoshuaall words of the LORDunto ustree rules
5is ashallstonea witnessagainst you; therefore propertytree rules
6denypresentyeyour Godvn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent god=Eventuality
7wordthe LORDnom word «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֗ם הִנֵּ֨ה הָאֶ֤בֶן הַזֹּאת֙ תִּֽהְיֶה־בָּ֣נוּ לְעֵדָ֔ה כִּֽי־הִ֣יא שָׁמְעָ֗ה אֵ֚ת כָּל־אִמְרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֖ר עִמָּ֑נוּ וְהָיְתָ֤ה בָכֶם֙ לְעֵדָ֔ה פֶּֽן־תְּכַחֲשׁ֖וּן בֵּאלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

Joshua 24:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:674 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.674/