Exam question 4 · Moving house and renting a home

State the principal reason for which a dwelling is presented in a clean and orderly condition prior to a viewing.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: present · To what, where: dwelling, clean condition

This is exam question 4 of lesson 10 «Moving house and renting a home» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reason	compound
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 presented	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 dwelling	det
8	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 presented	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 presented	aux:pass
10	presented	present	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	16 condition	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 condition	det
13	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 condition	amod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 orderly	cc
15	orderly	orderly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 clean	conj
16	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 presented	obl
17	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	20 viewing	case
18	to	to	ADP	_	17 prior	fixed
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 viewing	det
20	viewing	viewing	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 condition	nmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 reason	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	present	present · passive		a dwelling		a clean condition prior a viewing		for the State principal reason	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme for which=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Viewings are prohibited in untidy dwellings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Viewings	viewing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 prohibited	aux:pass
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 dwellings	case
5	untidy	untidy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 dwellings	amod
6	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present · passive		Viewings		untidy dwellings			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

The estate agent is legally obliged to award marks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 agent	det
2	estate	estate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 agent	compound
3	agent	agent	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 obliged	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 obliged	aux:pass
5	legally	legally	ADV	_	6 obliged	advmod
6	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 award	mark
8	award	award	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 obliged	xcomp
9	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 award	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	oblige	present · passive		the estate agent				legally property	vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
2	award	to-infinitive		marks					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent mark=Theme

Option 3

Purchasers are required to clean the dwelling otherwise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Purchasers	purchaser	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 clean	mark
5	clean	clean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 required	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dwelling	det
7	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 clean	obj
8	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	5 clean	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		Purchasers					vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	clean	to-infinitive		the dwelling				otherwise property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent dwelling=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Prospective purchasers may more readily envisage residing therein

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Prospective	prospective	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 purchasers	compound
2	purchasers	purchaser	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 envisage	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 envisage	aux
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 envisage	advmod
5	readily	readily	ADV	_	6 envisage	advmod
6	envisage	envisage	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	residing	reside	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 envisage	xcomp
8	therein	therein	ADV	_	7 residing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	envisage	may	Prospective purchasers					readily property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	reside	gerund	Prospective purchasers not said here					therein property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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