Exam question 4 · Gran, cousins and the whole wide family

It is given that a widowed grandparent has subsequently formed a new companionship. Which statement is consistent with the established facts?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: statement · What happens: give, widow, form, be, establish · To what, where: It, widowed grandparent

This is exam question 4 of lesson 17 «Gran, cousins and the whole wide family» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a widowed grandparent has subsequently formed a new companionship.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 formed	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 grandparent	det
6	widowed	widow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 grandparent	amod
7	grandparent	grandparent	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 formed	nsubj:pass
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 formed	aux
9	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	10 formed	advmod
10	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 companionship	det
12	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 companionship	amod
13	companionship	companionship	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 formed	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive	It		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	widow	participle			vn orphan-29.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	form	present · perfect · passive	a widowed grandparent	subsequently property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which statement is consistent with the established facts?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 statement	det
2	statement	statement	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consistent	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 consistent	cop
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 consistent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	which statement					with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

The options

Option 1

The new companionship is prohibited by law

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 companionship	det
2	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 companionship	amod
3	companionship	companionship	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prohibited	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 prohibited	aux:pass
5	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 law	case
7	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prohibited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present · passive	law	the new companionship					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The new companionship does not signify that the deceased spouse is forgotten

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 companionship	det
2	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 companionship	amod
3	companionship	companionship	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 signify	nsubj
4	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 signify	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 signify	advmod
6	signify	signify	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 forgotten	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 spouse	det
9	deceased	decease	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 spouse	amod
10	spouse	spouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 forgotten	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 forgotten	aux:pass
12	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 signify	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not signify	present · do-support	the new companionship		vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
2	decease	participle			vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	forget	present · passive		the deceased spouse	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The new companionship signifies that the grandparent has ceased to grieve entirely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 companionship	det
2	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 companionship	amod
3	companionship	companionship	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 signifies	nsubj
4	signifies	signify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 ceased	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 grandparent	det
7	grandparent	grandparent	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ceased	nsubj:pass
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 ceased	aux
9	ceased	cease	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 signifies	ccomp
10	to	to	PART	_	11 grieve	mark
11	grieve	grieve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 ceased	xcomp
12	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	11 grieve	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	signify	present	the new companionship			tree rules
2	cease	present · perfect · passive		the grandparent		tree rules
3	grieve	to-infinitive			entirely property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

The new companionship requires the consent of the grandchildren

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 companionship	det
2	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 companionship	amod
3	companionship	companionship	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 requires	nsubj
4	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 consent	det
6	consent	consent	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 requires	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 grandchildren	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 grandchildren	det
9	grandchildren	grandchild	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consent	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	the new companionship	the consent of the grandchildren					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme consent=Precondition
2	consent			the grandchildren					nom consent «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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