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Exam question 4 · Hospitals, operations and serious illness

It is given that a patient has been referred for a scan "as a precautionary measure". Determine the most accurate interpretation of this phrase.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, refer, determine, interpret · To what, where: It, patient, accurate interpretation, phrase

This is exam question 4 of lesson 21 «Hospitals, operations and serious illness» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a patient has been referred for a scan "as a precautionary measure".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 referred	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 patient	det
6	patient	patient	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 referred	nsubj:pass
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 referred	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 referred	aux:pass
9	referred	refer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 scan	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 scan	det
12	scan	scan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 given	obl
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 scan	punct
14	as	as	ADP	_	17 measure	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 measure	det
16	precautionary	precautionary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 measure	amod
17	measure	measure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 given	obl
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 measure	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It				for a scan; as a precautionary measure	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: subject=Theme for scan=Asset
2	refer	present · perfect · passive		a patient					vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the most accurate interpretation of this phrase.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 interpretation	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 accurate	advmod
4	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 interpretation	amod
5	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 phrase	case
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 phrase	det
8	phrase	phrase	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 interpretation	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the accurate interpretation of this phrase					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interpretation=Topic
2	interpret			this phrase					nom interpretation «cognition transitive»: of=patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The physician has already established the presence of a grave illness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 physician	det
2	physician	physician	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 established	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 established	aux
4	already	already	ADV	_	5 established	advmod
5	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 presence	det
7	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 established	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 illness	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 illness	det
10	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 illness	compound
11	illness	illness	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 presence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	present · perfect · passive		the physician					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The physician is exercising caution; a serious finding is not presumed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 physician	det
2	physician	physician	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 exercising	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 exercising	aux
4	exercising	exercise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	caution	caution	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 exercising	obj
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 presumed	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 finding	det
8	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 finding	amod
9	finding	finding	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 presumed	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 presumed	aux:pass
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 presumed	advmod
12	presumed	presume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 exercising	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exercise	present · progressive	the physician	caution					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caution=Patient
2	not presume	present · passive		a serious finding					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

The scan is a routine procedure applied only to infants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scan	det
2	scan	scan	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 procedure	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 procedure	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 procedure	det
5	routine	routine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 procedure	amod
6	procedure	procedure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 procedure	acl
8	only	only	ADV	_	10 infants	advmod
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 infants	case
10	infants	infant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 applied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the scan	a routine procedure					tree rules
2	apply	participle		a routine procedure not said here				to infants	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The patient is required to undergo immediate surgery

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 patient	det
2	patient	patient	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 required	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 required	aux:pass
4	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 undergo	mark
6	undergo	undergo	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 required	xcomp
7	immediate	immediate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 surgery	amod
8	surgery	surgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 undergo	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		the patient					vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	undergo	to-infinitive		immediate surgery					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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