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Test 6 · ★ · Hospitals, operations and serious illness

A neighbour gossips, "He's lost all his hair, must be on his last legs." What is wrong with this?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: neighbour gossips · What happens: lose, be · To what, where: He, last legs

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 21 «Hospitals, operations and serious illness» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A neighbour gossips, "He's lost all his hair, must be on his last legs."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 gossips	det
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gossips	compound
3	gossips	gossip	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 legs	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 lost	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 lost	punct
6	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 lost	nsubj
7	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lost	aux:pass
8	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 gossips	acl:relcl
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 hair	det:predet
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hair	nmod:poss
11	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lost	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 gossips	punct
13	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 legs	aux
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	18 legs	cop
15	on	on	ADP	_	18 legs	case
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 legs	nmod:poss
17	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 legs	amod
18	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	18 legs	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 legs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose in a quote	present · passive		He					tree rules
2	is in a quote	must	a neighbour gossips			his last legs			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong with this?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 this	case
5	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 wrong	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						with this; wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nothing, losing hair always means someone is dying very soon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 means	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 losing	punct
3	losing	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Nothing	acl
4	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 losing	obj
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 means	advmod
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 dying	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dying	aux
9	dying	die	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 means	ccomp
10	very	very	ADV	_	11 soon	advmod
11	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 means	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	gerund		hair					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Eventuality
2	mean	present	Nothing					always, soon property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	die	present · progressive	someone						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2

Hair loss only happens to people who are very old

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 loss	compound
2	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 happens	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 happens	advmod
4	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 happens	obl
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 old	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 old	cop
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 old	advmod
10	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 people	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present	Hair loss					to people	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	people					old property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

People only lose hair when they stop eating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lose	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 lose	advmod
3	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lose	obj
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 stop	advmod
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 stop	nsubj
7	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lose	advcl
8	eating	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 stop	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	People	hair					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Eventuality
2	stop	present	People						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
3	eat	gerund	People not said here						vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Hair loss comes from treatment and the hair usually grows back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 loss	compound
2	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	nsubj
3	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 treatment	case
5	treatment	treatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 grows	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hair	det
8	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grows	nsubj
9	usually	usually	ADV	_	10 grows	advmod
10	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 comes	conj
11	back	back	ADV	_	10 grows	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Hair loss			treatment			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from treatment=Initial_Location
2	grow back	present	the hair					usually property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/21-hospitals-operations-and-serious-illness/t6/