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Exam question 3 · Screens, diets, sofas and late nights

It is given that a person discontinues attendance at a gymnasium while continuing to pay the monthly subscription. Ascertain the most probable explanation.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: person, you · What happens: give, discontinue, continue, pay, ascertain · To what, where: It, attendance, gymnasium, monthly subscription, probable explanation

This is exam question 3 of lesson 29 «Screens, diets, sofas and late nights» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a person discontinues attendance at a gymnasium while continuing to pay the monthly subscription.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 discontinues	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 discontinues	nsubj
7	discontinues	discontinue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
8	attendance	attendance	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 discontinues	obj
9	at	at	ADP	_	11 gymnasium	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 gymnasium	det
11	gymnasium	gymnasium	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 discontinues	obl
12	while	while	SCONJ	_	13 continuing	mark
13	continuing	continue	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 discontinues	advcl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 pay	mark
15	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 continuing	xcomp
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 subscription	det
17	monthly	monthly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 subscription	amod
18	subscription	subscription	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 pay	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	discontinue	present	a person	attendance		a gymnasium			vn stop-55.4 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector attendance=Eventuality
3	continue	gerund	a person not said here						vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	pay	to-infinitive	a person not said here	the monthly subscription					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subscription=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the most probable explanation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 explanation	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 probable	advmod
4	probable	probable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 explanation	amod
5	explanation	explanation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the probable explanation					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent explanation=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Habits are easily begun but difficult to sustain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Habits	habit	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 begun	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 begun	aux:pass
3	easily	easily	ADV	_	4 begun	advmod
4	begun	begin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 difficult	cc
6	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 begun	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 sustain	mark
8	sustain	sustain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 difficult	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	present · passive		Habits				easily property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
2	sustain	to-infinitive							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Payment is obligatory only for absent members

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 obligatory	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 obligatory	cop
3	obligatory	obligatory	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 members	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 members	case
6	absent	absent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 members	amod
7	members	member	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 obligatory	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Payment					obligatory property	tree rules

Option 3

The gymnasium prohibits attendance after January

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gymnasium	det
2	gymnasium	gymnasium	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prohibits	nsubj
3	prohibits	prohibit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	attendance	attendance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prohibits	obj
5	after	after	ADP	_	6 January	case
6	January	January	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 prohibits	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present	the gymnasium	attendance			january		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer attendance=Theme

Option 4

The subscription constitutes a form of exercise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 subscription	det
2	subscription	subscription	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constitutes	nsubj
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 form	det
5	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constitutes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 exercise	case
7	exercise	exercise	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 form	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	the subscription	a form of exercise					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme form=Pivot
2	form			exercise					nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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