Exam question 2 · Money, work and the big choices

Identify the principal distinction between a university course and an apprenticeship as established in this lesson.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, establish · To what, where: principal distinction, lesson

This is exam question 2 of lesson 39 «Money, work and the big choices» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 distinction	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 distinction	amod
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	between	between	ADP	_	8 course	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 course	det
7	university	university	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 course	compound
8	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 distinction	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 apprenticeship	cc
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 apprenticeship	det
11	apprenticeship	apprenticeship	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 distinction	conj
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 established	mark
13	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Identify	advcl
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 lesson	case
15	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 lesson	det
16	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 established	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal distinction and a apprenticeship				between a university course	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent distinction=Theme
2	establish	participle	you not said here			this lesson			vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

An apprentice learns a trade at work while being paid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 apprentice	det
2	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learns	nsubj
3	learns	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 trade	det
5	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learns	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 work	case
7	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learns	obl
8	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 paid	mark
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 paid	aux:pass
10	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 learns	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present	a apprentice	a trade		work			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Topic
2	pay	gerund · passive	a apprentice not said here						vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»

Option 2

An apprenticeship confers no prospect of a career

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 apprenticeship	det
2	apprenticeship	apprenticeship	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 confers	nsubj
3	confers	confer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 prospect	det
5	prospect	prospect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 confers	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 career	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 career	det
8	career	career	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prospect	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confer	present	a apprenticeship	no prospect of a career					tree rules
2	prospect			a career					nom prospect «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

A university student is paid a wage from the outset

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 student	det
2	university	university	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 student	compound
3	student	student	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 paid	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 paid	aux:pass
5	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 wage	det
7	wage	wage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 paid	obj
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 outset	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 outset	det
10	outset	outset	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wage	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	present · passive		a university student					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Recipient wage=Asset

Option 4

A university course involves no financial cost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 course	det
2	university	university	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 course	compound
3	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 involves	nsubj
4	involves	involve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 cost	det
6	financial	financial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cost	amod
7	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 involves	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	involve	present	a university course	no financial cost					vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cost=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/39-money-work-and-the-big-choices/e2/