Test 10 · ★★ · How to handle gossip: is it true, is it kind, would I say… Kids whisper, "Josh's dad's in prison!" Josh comes into class. Who gets hurt by the rumour?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Kids, dad, Josh, rumour · What happens: whisper, be, come, hurt · To what, where: prison, class · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 49 «How to handle gossip: is it true, is it kind, would I say it to their face» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Kids whisper, "Josh's dad's in prison!"
nsubj punct punct nmod:poss case nsubj cop case obl punct punct root Kids NOUN whisper VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT Josh PROPN 's PART dad NOUN 's AUX in ADP prison NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 2 whisper nsubj 2 whisper whisper VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 whisper punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 10 prison punct 5 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing 7 dad nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Josh case 7 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 10 prison nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 prison cop 9 in in ADP _ 10 prison case 10 prison prison NOUN Number=Sing 2 whisper obl 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 10 prison punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 10 prison punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 whisper speech: express present Kids vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is in a quote present Josh's dad prison tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Josh comes into class.
nsubj case obl punct root Josh PROPN comes VERB into ADP class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing 2 comes nsubj 2 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 into into ADP _ 4 class case 4 class class NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Josh class vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into class=Initial_Location
Sentence 3: Who gets hurt by the rumour?
nsubj aux:pass case det obl punct root Who PRON gets AUX hurt VERB by ADP the DET rumour NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 hurt nsubj 2 gets get AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 hurt aux:pass 3 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 rumour case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rumour det 6 rumour rumour NOUN Number=Sing 3 hurt obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt present · passive the rumour vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient
The options Option 1 · ✓ the right answer Josh, who now has to explain his family
punct nsubj advmod acl:relcl mark xcomp nmod:poss obj root Josh PROPN , PUNCT who PRON now ADV has VERB to PART explain VERB his PRON family NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 5 has punct 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 5 has nsubj 4 now now ADV PronType=Dem 5 has advmod 5 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Josh acl:relcl 6 to to PART _ 7 explain mark 7 explain explain VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 has xcomp 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 family nmod:poss 9 family family NOUN Number=Sing 7 explain obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Josh now tree rules 2 explain speech: assert to-infinitive Josh not said here Josh's family vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Topic
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice The kids who started it
det nsubj acl:relcl obj root The DET kids NOUN who PRON started VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kids det 2 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 started nsubj 4 started start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 kids acl:relcl 5 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 started obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start past the kids it vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Option 3 Josh's dad, who is on an oil rig and won't hear
nmod:poss case punct nsubj cop case det compound conj cc aux advmod conj root Josh PROPN 's PART dad NOUN , PUNCT who PRON is AUX on ADP an DET oil NOUN rig NOUN and CCONJ wo AUX n't PART hear VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing 3 dad nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Josh case 3 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 10 rig punct 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 rig nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 rig cop 7 on on ADP _ 10 rig case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 rig det 9 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 10 rig compound 10 rig rig NOUN Number=Sing 3 dad conj 11 and and CCONJ _ 14 hear cc 12 wo will AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 hear aux 13 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 14 hear advmod 14 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 dad conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Josh's dad and a oil rig a oil rig tree rules 2 not hear future vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
Option 4 Nobody, because Josh wasn't there
nsubj punct case nmod cop advmod root Nobody PRON , PUNCT because ADP Josh PROPN was AUX n't PART there ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 7 there nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Nobody punct 3 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 4 Josh case 4 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing 1 Nobody nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 there cop 6 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 7 there advmod 7 there there ADV PronType=Dem root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is past Nobody there property tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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