Exam question 4 · Where money comes from

Given that an employee is awarded a bonus, ascertain the most prudent manner of its application.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, employee · What happens: give, award, ascertain, apply · To what, where: employee, prudent manner

This is exam question 4 of lesson 5 «Where money comes from» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 ascertain	advcl
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 awarded	mark
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 employee	det
4	employee	employee	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 awarded	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 awarded	aux:pass
6	awarded	award	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Given	advcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bonus	det
8	bonus	bonus	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 awarded	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 ascertain	punct
10	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 manner	det
12	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	13 prudent	advmod
13	prudent	prudent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 manner	amod
14	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 ascertain	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 application	case
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 application	nmod:poss
17	application	application	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 manner	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	give	participle	you not said here		vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	award	present · passive		a employee	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal bonus=Theme
3	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the prudent manner of employee's application	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Topic
4	apply		employee		nom application «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Upon regular monthly bills, the bonus being payable in perpetuity in every future year

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Upon	upon	ADP	_	4 bills	case
2	regular	regular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bills	amod
3	monthly	monthly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bills	amod
4	bills	bill	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 payable	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 bills	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bonus	det
7	bonus	bonus	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 payable	nsubj
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 payable	cop
9	payable	payable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 perpetuity	case
11	perpetuity	perpetuity	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 payable	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 year	case
13	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	15 year	det
14	future	future	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 year	compound
15	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 payable	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund	the bonus			perpetuity	year	upon regular monthly bills; payable property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Upon non-recurring expenditure, the bonus not being guaranteed in future years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Upon	upon	SCONJ	_	2 non-recurring	mark
2	non-recurring	non-recurr	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 guaranteed	advcl
3	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 non-recurring	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 non-recurring	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bonus	det
6	bonus	bonus	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 guaranteed	nsubj:pass
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 guaranteed	advmod
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 guaranteed	aux:pass
9	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 years	case
11	future	future	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 years	amod
12	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 guaranteed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	non-recurr	gerund		expenditure					tree rules
2	not guarantee	gerund · passive		the bonus			year		vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

Upon the repayment of the bonus to the employer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Upon	upon	ADP	_	3 repayment	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 repayment	det
3	repayment	repayment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 bonus	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bonus	det
6	bonus	bonus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 repayment	nmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 employer	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 employer	det
9	employer	employer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bonus	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repay			the bonus to the employer					nom repayment «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

Upon the concealment of the bonus from the tax authorities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Upon	upon	ADP	_	3 concealment	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 concealment	det
3	concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 bonus	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bonus	det
6	bonus	bonus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 concealment	nmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	10 authorities	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 authorities	det
9	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 authorities	compound
10	authorities	authority	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bonus	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conceal			the bonus from the tax authorities					nom concealment «state transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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